Soc11-Peformance Enhancing Drugs Flashcards
What are the four reasons people take performance enhancing drugs?
- To improve performance
- Some people are encouraged to do so by their coaches or fellow athletes.
- The reward of winning(Gold medal in some sports is said to be worth a million dollars in endorsements)
- Peer pressure
What are anabolic steroids?
Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone & muscle growth
What are beta blockers?
Drugs used to control the heart rate and have a calming/relaxing effect
What are narcotics & analgesics?
Narcotics - Affects the mood or behaviour (drowsiness or relieving pain).
Analgesics - Elevates urine production
What are Diuretics?
Drugs that elevate the rate of urine production to help athletes lose weight
What are Peptide Hormones?
Increases the rate of maturation of red blood cells to help muscle growth & recovery from injury.
What are Growth hormones?
Growth hormones are use to increase muscular hypertrophy (strength & size) and has less side effects than steroids.
What are stimulants?
Drugs which have an effect on the central nervous system e.g. physical alertness. Amphetamines, Cocaine, Nicotine and Caffeine are all examples.
What are the benefits and side effects of Anabolic Steroids?
Benefits~Enhanced performance,increases muscle mass & develop bone strength.
Side Effects~Higher risk of muscle injury,risk of heart attacks and death.
What are the Benefits & Side effects of Beta Blockers?
Benefits~Can help to calm the performer to be precise.
Side effects~Nausea, Depression,Diarrhoea & Nightmares.
What are the benefits & side effects of Narcotics and Analgesics?
Benefits~Depresses the central nervous system & relieves pain from injuries allowing continuation.
Side effects~Loss of co-ordination,balance & emotional effects.
What are the benefits & side effects of Diuretics?
Benefits~Helps athletes to lose weight and can be used to reduce concentration of other illegal substances.
Side effects~Dehydration,Headaches,Muscle Cramps.
What are the benefits & side effects of peptide hormones?
Benefits ~ increases muscle growth,helps recovery from injury & hard sessions. Allows body to carry extra oxygen and less lactic acid.
Side effects ~ Blood gets thicker, harder for blood to travel through capillaries,increases the risk of heart attacks & stroke.
What are the benefits & side effects of Growth Hormones?
Benefits ~ Increases muscle growth,has less side effects than steroids
Side effects ~ minimal side effects, is not in the urine but can be detected by blood test
What are the benefits & side effects of stimulants?
Benefits ~ Increased alertness,enabling people to think more by stimulating the central nervous system. Overcoming tiredness, less lactic acid
Side effects ~ Insomnia, irregular /increased heart beat, high blood pressure & addiction
