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Personal Development > Social Relationships in Middle & Late Adolescence > Flashcards

Social Relationships in Middle & Late Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to two or more individuals who interact with and influence one another.

A

Groups

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2
Q

SEVERAL REASONS FOR JOINING GROUPS

A
  1. Need to belong.
  2. Seek information.
  3. Achieve rewards.
  4. Accomplish goals.
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3
Q

HOW ARE GROUPS FORMED?

A
  1. Accidental.
  2. Voluntary.
  3. Formally organized.
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4
Q

Groups we belong to.

A

Membership Groups

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5
Q

Not part of but influence us to some degree.

A

Reference Groups

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6
Q

Deep social needs. What type of group is this?

A

Primary

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7
Q

Task-oriented, less personal.

A

Secondary Group

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8
Q

Structured, with laws, making it stable and resistant to change.

A

Formal Group

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9
Q

Autonomous, no formal laws

A

Informal Group

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10
Q

Membership is limited.

A

Exclusive Group

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11
Q

Open to all.

A

Inclusive Group

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12
Q

Presence of collective self-esteem due to positive identity.

A

In Groups

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13
Q

Often the scapegoat; may become targets of discrimination and hostility.

A

Out Groups

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14
Q

Positive Effects of Group Tasks?

A
  1. Multiply individual effort.
  2. Provide a variety of skills.
  3. The presence of others can accomplish tasks faster.
  4. New ideas are formed.
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15
Q

Negative Effects of Group Tasks?

A
  1. Not everyone can contribute at once.
  2. May have fewer ideas produced and the ideas can be of poorer quality.
  3. Inferior to the performance of the best individual.
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16
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO FACTORS?

A
  • Structure of the group

* The characteristics of the members.

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17
Q

It occupies the central position. Problem-solving is very quick but lower morale among members.

A

Centralized

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18
Q

Functions are distributed from the central authority. With such a group structure, problem solving is slower but a greater level of morale.

A

Decentralized

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19
Q

Refers to the communicative workflows and norms.

A

Communication Patterns

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20
Q

Shows how information flows within members of a group or organization.

A

Communication Networks

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21
Q

Flows through one person. What type of Communicative Network is this?

A

Wheel

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22
Q

Slightly less centralized. Two persons are closer to the center of the network.

A

Y-Pattern

23
Q

Communicate with two others located on both sides.

A

Circle

24
Q

Flow of information among members.

A

Chain

25
Q

More decentralized and allows a free flow of information.

A

All Channel

26
Q

Refers to the process involved when people in a group interact with each other.

A

Group Dynamics

27
Q

The strengthening of dominant responses as an effect of the presence of other people.

A

Social Facilitation

28
Q

Tendency of people to perform simple tasks better when others are present.

A

Social Facilitation Effect

29
Q

Response tendency is dominant.

A

Experimental Psychology

30
Q

Self-consciousness we feel as we wonder.

A

Evaluation Apprehension

31
Q

The mere presence of others causes us to think about them.

A

Distract-Conflict Theory

32
Q

Presence of others produces some arousal even without evaluation apprehension and distraction.

A

Mere Presence

33
Q

Tendency of individuals to exert less effort on the task.

A

Social Loafing

34
Q

Interesting and challenging.

A

Nature of Task

35
Q

Roles are not important.

A

Interdependence

36
Q

Efforts are monitored.

A

Individual Contribution

37
Q

Strong identification.

A

Orientation Towards the Group

38
Q

Performing at an extremely high level.

A

Illusion of Group Productivity

39
Q

Mutual rivalry between two or more people.

A

Competition

40
Q

Encourages a person to do something.

A

Incentive

41
Q

Insufficient productive means to fulfill all human wants and needs.

A

Scarcity of Resources

42
Q

The greater the perceived threat, the greater the tendency to compete.

A

Threat

43
Q

Efforts directed toward a shared goal.

A

Cooperation

44
Q

The process in which one or more group members are permitted to influence and motivate other to attain group goals.

A

Leadership

45
Q

They are known for being decisive, delegating task among members. Focused on accomplishing tasks.

A

Task-Orientedness Leaders

46
Q

More concerned about the foundation of harmonious bonds among members.

A

Relationship-Orientedness Leaders

47
Q

Member w/ complete knowledge of all functions and accomplishments.

A

Autocratic

48
Q

Shared with the group, leader is more of a facilitator.

A

Democratic

49
Q

The leader is giving orders and knowledgeable about the task.

A

Task-Oriented

50
Q

Friendly.

A

Socio-emotionally Oriented

51
Q

Shows warmth.

A

Considerate

52
Q

Organize & define group activities.

A

Initiator

53
Q

Navigate the highs and lows of leadership.

A

Leading Self

54
Q

Enumerate “Reasons why People fail to Perform Effectively”

A

a) They don’t know what they are supposed to do.
b) They don’t know how to do it.
c) They don’t know why they should do it.
d) There are obstacles beyond their control.

Personal Development (4 decks)

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