Socialisation and Culture Flashcards
What’s primary socialisation?
Where the child learns from the immediate family in the home. It adopts the beliefs and values of the family and learns the expectations of parents.
What’s secondary socialisation?
Where the child learns what wider society expects of its members, generally taking place outside the home.
What are the main agencies of secondary socialisation?
Peer groups, education, mass media, religion.
What’s tertiary socialisation?
Adult socialisation that takes place when people need to adapt to new situations.
What’s formal socialisation?
Processes where people are deliberately and consciously manipulated to ensure they learn to follow certain rules.
What’s informal socialisation?
A process where people learn to fit into their culture by watching and learning from others around them.
What are the ways that the family socialises people?
Imitation, Role models, Sanctions, Expectations
What’s the instrumental role?
The role of the male to earn money for the family.
What’s the expressive role?
The role of the female to look after the emotional well-being of the family and take care of children.
What are peer groups and how do they socialise children?
Peer groups are made up of people who are the same age and status as oneself.
Early friendships refers to young children that are very responsive to other children and develop norms and values which differ to their family.
Peer pressure refers to the process whereby people modify their behaviour in order to fit in with the group.
How does education socialise children?
The formal curriculum refers to schools delivering knowledge directly to children directly through lessons.
The informal curriculum refers to the set of assumptions and beliefs that are taught unintentionally by schools.
How does religion socialise children?
The collective conscience was theorised by Durkheim who claimed that it was impossible to have any form of social life without a set of socially accepted shared values and norms.
In religious families, children will be profoundly affected by their parental beliefs.
How does the media socialise children?
Copycat behaviour, where Bandura claims that children model their behaviour based on the role models they see on TV.
The Hypodermic Syringe Model was a Marxist belief that the media directly injected capitalist beliefs into people’s minds.
What’s formal social control?
Where institutions in society exist to force people to behave.
What’s informal social control?
The moral codes that, if broken, will result in disapproval by other members of that society.
