Socio-Cultural Influences Flashcards
What are the 5 factors affecting participation?
- Age
- Socio-Economic Group
- Gender
- Disability
- Ethnicity
What are participation rates?
number of people taking part in physical activity.
What are the reasons for participation rates in socio-economic groups?
- Time: some activities take a long time
- Cost: Some activites cost more
- Availbility: some activities are harder to go to like skiing.
What are the reasons for differences in participation in gender groups?
- Image: some men do not want to play netball or do ballet.
- Cost: women generally earn less
- Time: traditionally women will have restricted time as they spend more time looking after the home/ children.
What are the reasons for difference in participation for age groups?
- access: age limit on academies or clubs.
- cost: money may be needed to pay bills
- time: responsibilities
- nature of activity: activities may be difficult for one age group compared to another.
What are the reasons for differences in participation for ethnic groups:
- stereotyping: people are steered towards or away from certain activities based on backgrounds.
- cost: people from different ethnicities may have less money to spend.
What are the reasons for differences in participation for disability groups?
- availability: lack of facilities
- cost: specialist equipment may be expensive.
- access: physical barriers such as ramps
- stereotyping: person with disability may think they are unable to participate in any sport.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of commercialization to the sponsor?
Adv:
* increased exposure of brand
* increased profits
* increased recognition
DisAdv:
* Poor reputation
* Drop in sales
* Athlete behaviour
What are the advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation for the sport?
Adv:
* Increased investment
* Sport becomes more popular
* Increased funding
DisAdv:
* Loss of tradition
* Sport becomes mereily entertainment
* Negative stories may be published
* Sport needs to change rules to suit TV formats
What are the advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation to the performer/team?
Adv:
* Free equipment or clothing
* Higher wages
* More money to pay for facilities
* More time to train and be full time
DisAdv:
* More pressure to win
* Lack of privacy
* Sponsors can be controlling
* Expectations become too high
What are the advantages and disadvantages of commercialisation to the spectator?
Adv:
* Increased coverage of fav team or sport
* High quality coverage
* Ability to buy same merchandise as role models.
DisAdv:
* Merch becomes expensive
* Ticket prices increase
* TV coverage is expensive
* Pay per view- need to pay again for certain events
What is sportsmanship and what does it create?
It is where players display good conduct and do not resort to trying to win by unfair means.
Sportsmanship creates:
* good role models
* positive image of sport or activity.
* satisfaction/pride for winning
What is gamesmanship and what does it create?
it is bending the rules of the game without actually breaking them to gain an unfair advantage.
Gamesmanship creates:
* bad role models
* negative image of sport or activity
* dissatisfaction- winning due to unfair advantage
What is deviance in sport and give some examples:
Deviance is unnacceptable behaviour and is against the rules of the sport.
Examples include:
* cheating
* use of PEDs
* racism
* sexism
* match fixing
Why do elite performers resort to deviance?
Some elite performers resort to deviance to win games by any means. They do this:
* for prizes
* for fame
* for sponsorships
* for money
* to get promotion to higher teams
* due to pressure from coach/peers
