South Africa in the 1970's (Grade 12) (P1) Flashcards
(48 cards)
What was the political status of Black South Africans under apartheid?
Black South Africans had no political rights except in the homelands, which occupied 13% of South Africa.
What is the policy of ‘separate development’ in the context of apartheid?
It involved the establishment of 10 ‘Bantustans’ for different ethnic groups, requiring all Africans to become citizens of one homeland. These individuals were no longer considered south african citizens.
What was the purpose of the advisory councils for ‘Coloured’ and ‘Indian’ populations in apartheid South Africa?
The councils had very little actual power and were meant to give a semblance of political representation.
What led to increased state control over media in South Africa during the apartheid era?
The government aimed to suppress dissent and control information.
True or False, and why: The ANC and PAC had significant influence in South Africa during the early 1970s.
False. They were both banned after the Sharpville massacre, and didn’t play a major role in the early 1970s.
What economic factors contributed to the decline of the apartheid government in the early 1970s?
The 1973 world oil crisis and a lack of skilled labor due to Bantu education.
What is Black Consciousness and who was its main proponent?
Black Consciousness is a philosophy emphasizing black identity and pride, mainly promoted by Steve Biko.
Fill in the blank: Black Consciousness emphasized the need for black people to acknowledge their _______.
inherent worth
What were the aims of the Black Consciousness Movement?
To develop black pride, black power, black self-reliance, and black self-determination.
Who were some key influences on the Black Consciousness Movement?
Anton Lembede, Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Amilcar Cabral, Frantz Fanon.
What role did Steve Biko play in the Black Consciousness Movement?
He was a popular speaker and established the South African Students’ Organisation (SASO).
What was the significance of the introduction of Afrikaans in South African schools in 1975?
Afrikaans was seen as the language of the oppressor and its introduction led to widespread protests.
What did the South African
Students’ Movement (SASM) do?
It politicized youth in Soweto and spread Black Consciousness ideals.
What event sparked the Soweto Uprisings on June 16, 1976?
Students protested against the mandatory teaching of Afrikaans.
What was the outcome of the police response to the Soweto students’ march?
The police opened fire on the crowd, resulting in casualties and widespread protests.
What was the legacy of Steve Biko after his death?
His death led to international condemnation of the apartheid regime and inspired further resistance.
Fill in the blank: The Black Consciousness Movement filled the void in resistance after the _______ and PAC were banned.
ANC
What role did the Black People’s Convention (BPC) play in the Black Consciousness Movement?
It was established to organize community projects and support for black communities.
True or False: The Black Allied Workers Union (BAWU) successfully improved working conditions for black workers.
False
What was the significance of the photograph of Hector Pieterson during the Soweto Uprisings?
It drew international outcry and condemnation of the South African government.
What was the economic condition of black families in Soweto in 1976?
The average black family earned R75 a month.
What was the primary focus of the Black Consciousness Movement?
To instill pride and self-reliance in black South Africans.
What did the South African government’s response to the Soweto Uprisings reveal about its stance on dissent?
The government was repressive and willing to use violence against protests.
What void did the Legacy of BC fill in South Africa?
It filled the void in resistance to apartheid after the ANC and PAC were banned in 1960
The ANC (African National Congress) and PAC (Pan Africanist Congress) were key organizations in the fight against apartheid.
