Special Senses

Question 1

The sensation that one’s surroundings are spinning or rotating

Answer 1

Vertigo

Question 2

Rapid involuntary eye movements

Answer 2

Nystagmus

Question 3

Conductive hearing impairment

Answer 3

Sound is not properly conducted to the cochlea
obstruction (wax), effusion, otosclerosis, ossicular disruption

Question 4

Sensorineural hearing impairment

Answer 4

Dysfunction of the cochlea or CN VIII
noise, age, metabolic, trauma

Question 5

Barotrauma

Answer 5

Noise trauma

Question 6

Presbycusis

Answer 6

Progressive hearing loss due to changes occurring with aging

Question 7

Meniere disease

Answer 7

Disorder of the inner ear characterized by tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo

Question 8

Ototoxic medications

Answer 8

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, Aspirin

Question 9

Otitis Media

Answer 9

Middle ear infection:
Acute - red, bulging tympanic membrane
Chronic - “ear tubes”

Question 10

Strabismus

Answer 10

cross-eyed (squinting or closing one eye improves vision)

Question 11

Amblyopia

Answer 11

Poor vision even with correction

Question 12

Cataracts

Answer 12

Clouding or opacity of the lens due to age, trauma, or diabetes

Question 13

Age-related macular degeneration

Answer 13

Atrophic (dry): degeneration of retina, pigmented layer, choroidal layer, 80% of cases
Exudative (wet): sub-retinal fluid collection

Question 14

Retinopathy

Answer 14

Disease in the blood vessels of the retina
Very common in long-term diabetics
Major cause of blindness in the U.S.

Question 15

Open angle glaucoma

Answer 15

Low level persistent eye pain
Slow, insidious onset
90% of cases

Question 16

Closed angle glaucoma

Answer 16

Sudden severe pain
Red eye and N/V
*ophthalmological emergency