Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

O&G > Specific Diseases > Flashcards

Specific Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cause of cervical cancer?

A

HPV - high risk is 16 and 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the symptoms of cervical cancer?

A
  • abnormal vaginal bleeding
  • vaginal discharge
  • vaginal discomfort
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the symptoms of ovarian cancer?

A
  • Adnexal mass
  • Urinary frequency/urgency
  • Bloating/distention
  • Pelvic pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the symptoms of endometrial cancer?

A
  • Post menopausal bleeding (COMMON)
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding
  • Pelvic pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What investigations should be used when suspecting endometrial cancer?

A
  • Transvaginal ultrasound
  • Abdominal ultrasound (to exclude mets)
  • FBC
  • Coags
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the symptoms of endometriosis?

A
  • Painful periods
  • Pelvic pain
  • Painful intercourse
  • Pain on urination
  • Pain opening bowels
  • Infertility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What investigations should you do when suspecting endometriosis?

A

Gold standard is laparoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the management for endometriosis?

A
  • Supportive analgesia for pain
  • Contraception ie Mirena
  • Surgical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the symptoms of PCOS?

A
  • Infrequent/no periods
  • Abnormal amount of hair
  • Acne
  • Obesity
  • Infertility
  • Insulin resistance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the investigations for PCOS?

A
  • Pelvic ultrasound
  • Oestradiol, FHS, LH
  • Testosterone
  • Glucose screening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment of PCOS?

A
  • Improve insulin resistance
  • COCP
  • Physical activity, weight loss
  • Fertility therapy
  • IVF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the cause of pelvic inflammatory disease?

A

Often caused by STI
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhoea
- Syphillis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the symptoms of PID?

A
  • Pain in lower abdomen and pelvis
  • Heavy vaginal discharge with unpleasant odour
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding
  • Pain or bleeding during intercourse
  • Fever/chills
  • Painful or difficult urination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the investigations for PID?

A
  • FBC
  • Urinalysis
  • Vaginal discharge swabs - microscopy
  • Ultrasound
  • Laparoscopy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the treatment of PID?

A

Antibiotics - ceftriaxone + doxycycline
Prevent reinfection with STI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the symptoms of a miscarriage?

A
  • PV bleeding
  • Pain (usually crampy)
  • Passing of tissue
17
Q

What examination should you do when suspecting a miscarriage?

A
  • Abdo exam (distention, localised tenderness)
  • Speculum (following guidance of a senior)
18
Q

What investigations should you do when suspecting a miscarriage?

A
  • FBC
  • Rh status
  • Serum bHCG
  • CRP if septic
  • urine bHCG
  • transvaginal ultrasound
19
Q

What is the treatment for a miscarriage?

A
  • If haemodynamically stable then allow to pass naturally, repeat scan in 2 and 3 weeks to monitor for downtrend of bHCG
  • Administer misoprostol to stimulate contractions + Anti D
  • If incomplete may need D&C
20
Q

What are the symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy?

A
  • No periods
  • Abdominal pain (if ruptured, shoulder tip pain)
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Syncopal episodes
21
Q

What examination should you do in someone with an ectopic pregnancy?

A
  • Haemodynamic stability (pallor, tachycardia, hypotension, shock)
  • Abdominal exam
22
Q

What investigations should you do in someone with an ectopic pregnancy?

A
  • FBC, Rh status, serum bHCG
  • Urine bHCG
  • Transvaginal ultrasound
23
Q

What is the management for an ectopic pregnancy?

A
  • Analgesia
  • Administer methotrexate
  • Monitor bHCG
  • If necessary, laparoscopic salpingectomy of salpingotomy
24
Q

What are the causes of heavy menstrual bleeding?

A

PALM COEIN
- polyps
- adenomyosis
- leiomyoma/fibroids
- malignancy/hyperplasia

  • coagulopathy
  • endometrial
  • iatrogenic
25
Q

What is placenta praevia?

A

bleeding resulting from separation of the placenta as the formation of the lower uterine segment and effacement happens in 3rd trimester (haemorrhage from a low lying placenta)

26
Q

What are the symptoms of placenta praevia?

A

Painless vaginal bleeding with normal uterine tone
History @ 20 week morphology may show low lying placenta +/- over cervical os

27
Q

What are the risk factors for placenta praevia?

A
  • mulitparity
  • > 40 maternal age
  • multi pregnancy
  • PHx
  • PID
  • Previous D&C
28
Q

What is placental abruption?

A

Haemorrhage from a detached placenta

29
Q

What are the symptoms of placental abruption?

A
  • painful vaginal bleeding
  • increased uterus tone & activity
30
Q

What are the risks of placental abruption?

A
  • PHx
  • preeclampsia
  • polyhydramnios
  • smoking/drugs
  • bleeding in 1st trimester
  • multi pregnancy
  • thrombophilia
31
Q

What is vasa previa?

A

foetal umbilical vessels lie across internal Os, causes obstruction in labour

32
Q

What are the symptoms of vasa previa?

A
  • sudden painless bleeding after onset of labour
  • usually presents in labour with the acute onset of fresh vaginal bleeding
33
Q

How is vasa previa diagnosed?

A
  • can be diagnosed at morphology scan
  • ultrasound +/- colour doppler

O&G (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions