States of Matter, Changing State, Solutions & Separating Mixtures

Question 1

What is matter

Answer 1

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
There are 3 states of matter

Question 2

3 states of matter?

Answer 2

Solvent
Solute
Solution

Question 3

Solvent

Answer 3

liquid that dissolves other materials e.g. water, acetone

Question 4

Solute

Answer 4

solid that dissolves in a liquid e.g. sugar, salt

Question 5

Solution

Answer 5

mixture of a solvent and a dissolved solute

Question 6

Saturated solution

Answer 6

contains as much dissolved solute as possible at a given temperature

Question 7

Filtration

Answer 7

method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid e.g. sand + water
requires use of a sieve/filter

Question 8

Filtrate

Answer 8

the liquid that passes through the filter

Question 9

Residue

Answer 9

solid that remains behind after filtration

Question 10

Evaporation

Answer 10

method of separating a solid from a liquid e.g. salt + water
only the solid is recovered (liquid is evaporated off)

Question 11

Evaporation

Answer 11

The changing of a liquid to a gas

Question 12

Boiling point

Answer 12

the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas throughout the liquid.

Question 13

Distillation

Answer 13

method of separating a solid from a liquid, using evaporation and condensation
both the solid and the liquid are recovered

Question 14

Chromatography

Answer 14

used to separate the mixture of dyes dissolved in an ink
the dissolved substances separate out on the paper

Question 15

Differences between solids liquids and gases

Answer 15

A solid has a definite shape and volume but can’t flow
A liquid doesn’t have a definite shape but it has a definite volume and can flow
A gas has no definite shape or or volume but can flow

Question 16

Differences between melting and freezing

Answer 16

Melting turns a solid into a liquid and freezing turns a liquid into a solid