stem cells

Question 1

stem cell

Answer 1

undifferentiated cells which can become other cell types, they retain the ability to keep dividing

Question 2

main sources of stem cells

Answer 2

embryos
bone marrow
teeth

Question 3

totipotent

Answer 3

differentiate to form all cell types eg embryo

Question 4

pluripotent

Answer 4

adult cells which can differentiate into most types of cells but not tissue such as placenta

Question 5

multi potent

Answer 5

stem cells which can differentiate into a limited number of cells

Question 6

somatic stem cells

Answer 6

adult stem cells which can only differentiate into limited cell types such as bone marrow

Question 7

clone

Answer 7

group of cells or organisms which are genetically identical

Question 8

how do cells become differentiated

Answer 8

receive a chemical signal which results in diff genes being expressed

Question 9

induced pluripotent stem cells

Answer 9

adult cells which are genetically reprogrammed to become induced pluripotent stem cells which behave as embryonic stem cells

Question 10

uses of stem cells

Answer 10

• regenerate tissue and organs
• develop model systems to study growth and birth defects
• screen new drugs

Question 11

advantages of stem cells

Answer 11

• produced quickly
• produced on a large scale
• production of genetically identical cells for transplant reducing risk of rejection

Question 12

disadvantages of stem cells

Answer 12

• in mammas it is very expensive and unreliable
• in plants disease or entry of pathogens may cause problems
• long term effects such as premature aging