steps in research process

Question 1

phase 1

Answer 1

conceptual phase

Question 2

phase 1: conceptual phase

Answer 2

• formatting and delimiting problem
• reviewing related literature
• reviewing related literature
• developing theoretical framework
• formulating hypothesis

Question 3

phase 2

Answer 3

design and planning phase

Question 4

phase 2: design and planning phase

Answer 4

• selecting research design
• identifying population to be studied
• specifying methods to collect research data
• designing sampling plan
• finalizing and reviewing research plan
• conducting pilot study and making revisions

Question 5

phase 3

Answer 5

empirical phase

Question 6

phase 3: empirical phase

Answer 6

• collecting data

- preparing data for analysis

Question 7

phase 4

Answer 7

analytic phase

Question 8

phase 4: analytic phase

Answer 8

• analyzing data

- interpreting results

Question 9

phase 5

Answer 9

dissemination phase

Question 10

phase 5: dissemination phase

Answer 10

• communicating findings

- utilizing findings in real world

Question 11

sources of research problems

Answer 11

• experience
• OT literature
• theories
• ideas from others

Question 12

developing and refining a research problem

Answer 12

• selecting a topic
• narrowing topic
• evaluating research problem (significance, researchability, feasibility, interest to researcher)

Question 13

statement of research problem

Answer 13

• should identify key study variables and their possible interrelationships and nature of population of interest
• 2 ways: statement of purpose or research question

Question 14

research hypothesis

Answer 14

1. purposes of research hypothesis
2. characteristics of a workable hypotheses
3. hypothesis are derived through
4. testing hypothesis

Question 15

classification of hypotheses

Answer 15

• simple
• complex (multivariate)
• directional
• non-directional
• research
• statistical (null)

Question 16

simple

Answer 16

1 dependent/independent/relationship

Question 17

complex (multivariate)

Answer 17

relationship
+21 more
dependent/ independant variables

Question 18

directional

Answer 18

relationship has direction (1 is better/worst)

Question 19

non-directional

Answer 19

relationship unknown, no direction/difference

Question 20

research

Answer 20

predicts existance of relationship

Question 21

statistical (null)

Answer 21

absence of relationship

Question 22

heterogeneity

Answer 22

attributes are varied

Question 23

homogeneous

Answer 23

attributes are similar

Question 24

operational definitions

Answer 24

in your study how are you defining, manifesting,

using it in your study influence by perspective, tools using to measure it

Question 25

conceptual defintion

Answer 25

methodology wherein research is conducted by observing and analyzing already present information on a given topic

Question 26

data

Answer 26

piece of information

can be measured in different level unit of analysis (1 score/ carry from little to big)

Question 27

variable

Answer 27

attribute that varies: continuous variables (weight, has values of continuum and can assume infinite amount of values, height, temp)

Question 28

continuous variables

Answer 28

finite number of values between 2 point and they represent discrete qualities (level of assistance, gender, pain scale)

Question 29

discrete variables

Answer 29

small range of variable that do not inheritedly represent quantity

Question 30

categorical variables

Answer 30

variables that only have 2 values (agree or disagree)

Question 31

dichotomous variables

Answer 31

presumed cause (causes something or can be manipulated)

Question 32

independent varibales

Answer 32

outcome variable

Question 33

quantitative data

Answer 33

data that is numerical

Question 34

qualitative data

Answer 34

narrative descriptions

Question 35

relationship

Answer 35

bond or connection between 2 entities (cause and effect)

Question 36

control

Answer 36

cause and effect or correlation 
functional relationship (men heavier than women)