Study Guide

Question 1

Point source pollution

Answer 1

The source of pollution can be located easily because it originates from a specific place, examples: sewage treatment plants, industrial plants, storm drains, farms, landfills

Question 2

Non point source pollution

Answer 2

Comes from a large area so the origin is difficult to identify, roads, soil erosion, runoff, construction sites, deforestation, agricultural

Question 3

BMP

Answer 3

Structural, vegetative, or managerial practices used to protect and improve our surface waters and ground waters

Question 4

Vegetated islands

Answer 4

Reduces amount of run-off in parking lots and along roads by their overall size and allowing the water to absorb into the vegetation on the island and filter

Question 5

Retention ponds

Answer 5

Allows pollutants time to settle and soak into the ground to be naturally filtered, recharges groundwater prevents runoff from washing directly into a stream

Question 6

Vegetated or rock lined channel

Answer 6

Runoff is directed to a retention pond instead of a storm drain, vegetation and rocks slow down runoff water and allow it to infiltrate into the ground where it is filtered

Question 7

Vegetated buffers

Answer 7

Filters out sediment, reduces runoff and prevents sediment, fertilizers, and pesticides from entering streams, rivers, lakes, ponds, helps prevent stream bank erosion by holding soil in place

Question 8

Erosion control fabric

Answer 8

(Silt fencing) used at construction sites to prevent sediment from moving off site and into a nearby stream/river

Question 9

Concrete lines pit to store manure

Answer 9

Used on farms to keep bacteria out of the surface and groundwater

Question 10

How can macroinvertebrates be identified using an identification card

Answer 10

Shape of head and body
Number of legs
Shape of tails

Question 11

Renewable energy

Answer 11

Resources that are inexhaustible, will never run out. 
Biomass
Hydropower
Geothermal
Wind
Solar

Question 12

Non renewable

Answer 12

Energy resources that cannot be replaced or renewed by natural means at the same rate that it is consumed
Petroleum
Coal
Natural gas
Uranium
Propane

Question 13

Fossil fuels

Answer 13

Nonrenewable energy resources that formed over millions of years from the remains of dead plants and other organisms.

Question 14

What percent of resources do earth use for energy

Answer 14

39.4 oil
23.6 natural gas
22.7 coal
2.7 hydro
2.8 bio
.5 geo, wind,solar,other

Question 15

Wind advantages

Answer 15

No pollution
Free
Little harm to land
Produces no waste

Question 16

Wind disadvantages

Answer 16

Only few places are strong enough, isn’t stable, noise pollution

Question 17

Wind comes from

Answer 17

Mostly California, uneven heating of the earths surface

Question 18

Biomass advantages

Answer 18

Important
Renewable
Organic
Cheap

Question 19

Biomass disadvantages

Answer 19

Gases and ashes pollute the air

Toxic ash residue

Question 20

Biomass important facts

Answer 20

Comes from burning organic materials, wood, garbage, changed into clean burning fuel, photosynthesis, limited geographic

Question 21

Geothermal advantages

Answer 21

Found almost everywhere

Question 22

Geothermal disadvantages

Answer 22

Habitats may be destroyed in order to build power plants

Question 23

Geothermal comes from

Answer 23

Western states, heat from earths interior

Question 24

Hydroelectricity advantages and disadvantages

Answer 24

No air pollution,

Limited to certain areas in US, habitats and wildlife may be disrupted to build facility

Question 25

Solar advantages

Answer 25

Available everywhere

Clean no pollution

Question 26

Solar disadvantages

Answer 26

Can’t work at night and on cloudy days, difficult to store in large amounts

Question 27

Nuclear disadvantages

Answer 27

Produces waste, which is highly radioactive and must be stored safely

Question 28

Nuclear important facts

Answer 28

Energy produces by nuclear fission (splitting atoms nuclear) 2nd leading source for electricity

Question 29

What are the sources of water on earth

Answer 29

Oceans, groundwater, rivers, lakes, atmosphere, and icecaps

Question 30

BMPS for homes

Answer 30

Use fertilizers and pesticides on lawns sparingly or not at all, leave shrubs and trees with expansive rooting systems and abundant plant cover on the ground along a stream or river, rather than replacing with 100% grass, which is far less effective at holding soil in place during periods of flooding

Question 31

BMPS for urban areas

Answer 31

Provide a settling basin to prevent runoff from parking lots from wasting directly into a stream and allowing for the runoff to infiltrate into the ground where soil can naturally alter the contaminants

Question 32

BMPS for construction sites

Answer 32

Place erosion control fabric on streambanks to prevent sediment from reaching the stream (silt fencing)

Question 33

BMPS for farming

Answer 33

Seed a cover crop or leave crop stubble to hold the soil in place over the winter and during snow melt. Leave shrubs and trees with expansive root systems and plant cover on the ground along a stream or river to hold soil during periods of flooding or heavy rain

Question 34

BMPS for live stock

Answer 34

Build a concrete lined pit safely store manure and later spread on fields, leave shrubs and trees along the stream or river to slow runoff, filter pollutants, and hold soil in place

Question 35

BMPS for forestry

Answer 35

Leave a 50-100 foot buffer along the stream channel to filter out contaminants in runoff and prevent streambank erosion