Superficial Face

Question 1

orbicularis oculi parts + inn + funct

Answer 1

CNVII

orbital: tightly closes eyelids
palperbral: lightly closes eyelids
lacrimal: drainage of tears

Question 2

orbicularis oris inn + funct

Answer 2

CNVII

sphincter of mouth, closes mouth and puckers lips

Question 3

occipitofrontalis bellies + apo+ inn + funct

Answer 3

CNVII
frontal + occipital belly
connected to epicranial aponeurosis
retract/protract the scalp + elevate eyebrows

Question 4

buccinator inn + funct

Answer 4

CNVII
Presses cheek against molar teeth to keep food between teeth during chewing; active during sucking, whistling, and blowing.

Question 5

three branches of trigeminal nerve (CNV) and CUTANEOUS structures innervated

Answer 5

V1 (ophthalmic): ant scalp + forehead + upper eyelid + eye + bridge/tip of nose
V2 (maxillary): lateral forehead + inf eyelid -> upper lip
V3 sensory (mandibular): along temple + mandible + lower lip

Question 6

ophthalmic cut. nerve branches + funct comp

Answer 6

all SA

5: supraorbital + supratrochlear + infratrochlear + lacrimal + external nasal

Question 7

maxillary cut. nerve branches + funct comp

Answer 7

all SA

3: zygomaticotemporal + zygomtaicofacial + infraorbital

Question 8

mandibular cut. nerve branches + funct comp

Answer 8

3: auriculotemporal SA + VE-para/post + VA

buccal SA + mental SA (from Infr alveolar)

Question 9

where does V1 exit? supraorbital branch?

Answer 9

superior orbital fissure

supraorbital notch/foramen

Question 10

where does CNVII (motor) exit

Answer 10

stylomastoid foramen

Question 11

nerves of the parotid plexus. what is left out? functional comp?

Answer 11

BM SA
(two zebras bit my carrot)
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical

posterior auricular not part of plexus

Question 12

what are the facial artery branches. what anastomoses with this?

Answer 12

4: sup/inf labial + lateral nasal + angular (termination)
anastomse: transverse facial artery (from superficial temporal)

Question 13

arteries of the scalp

Answer 13

3 ECA: occipital + posterior auricular + superficial temporal

2 ICA: supraorbital + supratrochlear (from ophthalmic a)

Question 14

venous drainage of face + scalp

Answer 14

facial vein (angular v receives blood from supraorbital, supratrochlear, and deep facial vein (drains pterygoid plexus) -> IJV)

superficial temporal + maxillary v -> retromandibular v

• > post branch -> meets up with post auricular v -> EJV
• > ant branch -> meets up w facial v -> common facial v -> IJV

others: occipital v (drains into IJV) and deep temporal veins

Question 15

scalp layers

Answer 15

Skin (thin, many sweat & sebaceous glands, good blood supply and lymph drainage)
Connective Tissue (thick, dense, vascularized)
Aponeurosis (strong tendinous sheath, attachment for the bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle; altogether epicranius)
Loose CT (sponge-like layer w potential spaces, allows free movt of upper three layers, danger area of scalp b/c pus or blood spreads easily within)
Pericranium (dense CT that forms external periosteum, that is firmly attached at fibrous tissue in cranial sutures, otherwise striped off easily).

Question 16

parotid (stenson’s) duct pierces _ and enters _

Answer 16

buccinator, opposite to upper second molar

Question 17

embedded in the parotid glad

Answer 17

parotid plexus of CNVII, retromandibular v + ECA

Question 18

parotid glad innervation

Answer 18

SA: greater auricular n C2-C3 (gland, sheath, overlying skin)
auriculotemporal nerve (V3 branch)
parasympathetics: CN IX
sympathetics: external carotid nerve plexus

Question 19

parotid gland secretomotor inn pathwawy

Answer 19

inf salivatory Nu -> CNIX -> para-pre goes thru tympanic/jacobsen nerve -> tympanic plexus (sym/post from caroticotympanic joins here!) -> parapre and sympost follow lesser petrosal -> passes foramen ovale -> otic ganglion -> parapost course thru auriculotemporal n (V3) -> parotid gland

Question 20

lymph of heck and neck

Answer 20

Lymph from scalp, face, and neck drain into the superficial ring (pericervical collar) of LN (submental, submandibular, parotid, mastoid, and occipital; perhaps superficial cervical). These then drain to deep cervical LN -> thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct. Lymph flows from superior to inferior and superficial to deep. Lateral face and scalp: parotid LN -> deep cervical LN, lip: submandibular LN, chin and central lower lip: submental LN.