t6- rate of reaction

Question 1

what is the rate of reaction

Answer 1

a measure of how quickly reactants are used up/products are formed

Question 2

what is the collision theory

Answer 2

a chemical reaction can only happen if the reactant particles collide with each other with sufficient energy

Question 3

what is activation energy

Answer 3

the minimum energy required for a successful collision

Question 4

what are the 5 factors that affect RoR

Answer 4

temperature
concentration
pressure
SA
catalysts

Question 5

what are 3 ways to measure ROR

Answer 5

loss in mass of reactants
vol of gas produced
time for solution to become opaque

Question 6

what is the effect of increasing temperature on ROR

Answer 6

as temp increases kinetic energy of particles increases
particles move faster
so there are more successful collisions
increases ROR

Question 7

what is the effect of increasing concentration on ROR

Answer 7

higher conc means more particles in a given volume
more successful collisions
increases ROR

Question 8

what is the effect of increasing pressure on ROR

Answer 8

higher pressure means more particles in the same volume
more successful collisions
increases ROR

Question 9

what is the effect of increasing SA:V on ROR

Answer 9

if solid reactants are powder, they have a bigger SA
increasing SA means particles are more exposed at the surface
frequency of collisions increases
increases ROR

Question 10

what is a catalyst

Answer 10

increases the ROR without being used up itself
uses an alternate reaction pathway with a lower activation energy

Question 11

what would the reaction profile of a catalyst look like

Answer 11

lower maximum of the curve (lower activation energy)

Question 12

what is a reversible reaction

Answer 12

products can react together to produce the original reactants

Question 13

when is dynamic equilibrium reached

Answer 13

in a closed system
forwards and backward reactions occur at the same rate
concentrations of products and reactants remain constant

Question 14

what is le chateliers principle

Answer 14

if a system is at equilibrium and a change is made to the reaction, the equilibrium position will move to counteract the change and restore the equilibrium

Question 15

what is the effect of changing concentration in equilibrium

Answer 15

increased conc of reactant means equilibrium position will move to the right so more products are formed
decreased conc of product means more reactants will react

Question 16

what is the effect of changing temperature in equilibrium

Answer 16

increased temp means equilibrium position moves to the endothermic reaction
decreased temp means equilibrium position moves to the exothermic reaction

Question 17

what is the effect of changing pressure in equilibrium

Answer 17

increase in pressure means equilibrium position moves to the side with fewer molecules
decrease in pressure means equilibrium moves to the side with more molecules