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Naturopathy Study (CNM) > TCM II > Flashcards

TCM II Flashcards

1
Q

Are Body Fluids Yin or Yang in nature?

A

Body fluids are Yin in nature
A condensed form of Qi and related to Blood

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2
Q

What are the two types of Body Fluids?

A
  • Thin fluids
  • Thick fluids
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3
Q

What do Thin (body) fluids do?

A
  • Thin fluids circulate with the defensive Qi (Wei Qi) to moisten the skin, muscles and mucous membranes.
  • They include tears, sweat, saliva (protection)
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4
Q

What do Thick (body) fluids do?

A
  • Lubricate the joints
  • Precursor for blood and hormones
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5
Q

Where do body fluids originate?

A
  • The stomach is the origin of all fluids.
  • All fluids and all hydration are extracted from the food and drink we ingest
  • There is an intimate relationship between Blood and Body Fluids: Body Fluids replenish the Blood so that it does not coagulate or stagnate
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6
Q

What is the relationship between Blood and Body fluids?

A

There is an intimate relationship between Blood and Body Fluids
Body Fluids replenish the Blood so that it does not coagulate or stagnate

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7
Q

What is Jing (Essence)?

A

Essence (Jing) is a condensed form of Qi
It is Yin in nature

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8
Q

What are the two types of Jing (Essence)?

A
  1. Pre-heavenly Essence
  2. Post-heavenly Essence
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9
Q

What is Pre-heavenly Essence?

A
  • The blending of the life force of a man and a woman at conception
  • Determines the constitution, strength and vitality of the child
  • Fixed volume
  • There is a resemblance to the concept of genetics in Western medicine
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10
Q

What is Post-heavenly Essence?

A
  • Post-heavenly Essence Is continually being replenished from eating, drinking and breathing
  • This can be likened to a epigenetics in Western medicine
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11
Q

How can Pre-heavenly Essence be depleted?

A
  • If we live an unhealthy life and eat poorly, we draw on and deplete Pre-heavenly Essence
  • By maintaining a healthy lifestyle we run on Post-heavenly Essence and stay well
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12
Q

What is shen?

A

One of the five vital substances
A collective term, shen *refers to the whole emotional, mental and spiritual aspects of the person
Note: not the brain as in general western thought

*with a small ‘s’

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13
Q

In which organs is shen found?

A
  • Shen* (Heart)
  • Hun (Liver)
  • Po (Lungs)
  • Zhi (Kidneys)
  • Yi (Spleen)

*Capital ‘S’

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14
Q

Where does *Shen** reside and what does it govern?

*capital S

A

Shen resides in the Heart
* Sense of self
* Sense of purpose

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15
Q

Where does Hun reside and what does it govern?

A

Hun resides in the Liver
* Creativity
* Planning
* Dreaming

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16
Q

Where does Po reside and what does it govern?

A

Po resides in the Lungs
* Sense of integrity
* Opening up to inspiration
* Allowing it to awaken one’s sense of purpose

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17
Q

Where does Zhi reside and what does it govern?

A

Zhi resides in the Kidneys
* Willpower
* Destiny

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18
Q

Where does Yi reside and what does it govern?

A

Yi resides in the Spleen*
* Thought or intellect

*Digestive system - think Gut/Brain connection of western thought

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19
Q

What are the 12 TCM organs?

A
  • Liver and gallbladder
  • Spleen and stomach
  • Kidney and bladder
  • Lung and large intestine
  • Heart and small intestine
  • Pericardium (heart protector) and San Jiao * (related to fluid metabolism and similar to the concept of interstitial fluid in Western medicine)

*sometimes translated as Triple Burner

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20
Q

What is the significance of Yin / Yang in TCM organs?

A
  • The 12 organs are grouped into six Yin/Yang pairs
  • The Yin organs produce and store the Vital Substances
  • The Yang organs are hollow and remove waste products from the body
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21
Q

How are the TCM organs paired?

A
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22
Q

What are the functions of the Heart in TCM?

A
  • Circulates the blood
  • Controls blood vessels by providing blood to them
  • Houses the Shen (sense of self, imprinted on the blood)
  • Opens into the eye: the spark in someone’s eye can tell us something about their spirit
  • Opens into the tongue: we share what’s in our heart
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23
Q

What are the functions of the Small intestine in TCM?

A
  • Separates the pure from the impure
  • Sends the pure part of foods to the Spleen for absorption
  • Sends impure foods to the large intestine for excretion
  • Sends pure fluids to the large intestine for absorption
  • Sends the impure part of fluids to the bladder for excretion
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24
Q

What are the functions of the Spleen in TCM?

A
  • The TCM organ Spleen is not related to the Western organ!
  • Governs the transformation (digestion) and transportation (absorption) of food
  • It is the origin of blood and provides nutrition to the blood, tissues and cells
  • Controls muscles/limbs by providing them with nutrients
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25
Q

What are the functions of the stomach in TCM?

A
  • Controls rotting and ripening: By completing the processes of rotting (meats) and ripening (fruits, vegetables, grains) that occur in nature
  • Controls the descending of food and Qi
  • It is the origin of fluids: all fluids and hydration are extracted from the food/drink that we ingest
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26
Q

What are the functions of the lungs in TCM?

A
  • Governs respiration
  • Circulate Nutritive Qi in the channels and the organs
  • Circulate Defensive Qi to the skin and muscles and thus play a key role in the immunity
  • Control the skin pores (sweating) and skin hairs (regulation of temperature)
  • Open into the nose
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27
Q

What are the functions of the Large intestine in TCM?

A
  • Receives food from the small intestine for excretion
  • Receives fluids from the small intestine for reabsorption
  • Excretes the stool
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28
Q

What are the functions of the kidneys in TCM?

A
  • The TCM organ Kidneys includes the Western organs of adrenals
  • Store the Essence– our inherited or constitutional strength
  • Govern growth, reproduction and water metabolism
  • House the ‘will power’: Shyness may be a sign of constitutional weakness
  • Open into the ears and manifest in the hair: hearing loss and prematurely grey hair indicate a decline of kidney energy
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29
Q

What are the functions of the bladder in TCM?

A
  • Excretes the urine
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30
Q

What are the functions of the liver in TCM?

A
  • Stores the blood
  • Governs the free flow of Qi
  • Manifests in the nails: Pale nail beds indicate blood deficiency
  • Opens into the eyes: floaters, blurred vision or dry eyes indicate an imbalance of the liver or blood
  • Provides blood for sexuality and reproduction
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31
Q

What are the functions of the gallbladder in TCM?

A
  • Stores and excretes the bile
  • Controls judgement: Indecisiveness may indicate an imbalance of the gallbladder
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32
Q

What is the Chinese clock in TCM?

A

The ebb and flow of Qi in the channels in a 24-hour cycle like tide
* Each two-hour section of the day represents an organ at their strongest, and another at its weakest

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33
Q

What are the Chinese clock times

A
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34
Q

What can recurring symptoms at specific times indicate on the Chinese TCM clock?

A
  • Symptoms that always occur at certain times of the day may be linked to an organ or channel in distress
  • Typically relates to the organ which is at its strongest at that time, or conversely at its weakest

ex: a headache at 5PM, or always waking at 3AM

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35
Q

What is the notion of Qi circulation?

A
  • Qi needs to move freely in all directions
  • Blood also needs to be able to move freely
  • “No free flow, pain; pain, no free flow”
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36
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Qi deficiency?

A

Qi deficiency is a key imbalance of our times

  • Pale face
  • Weak voice
  • Lack of motivation
  • Feeling cold and tired
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37
Q

How is the Tongue in Qi deficiency?

A
  • Pale
  • Slightly purple
  • Possibly wet and swollen
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38
Q

How is the Pulse in Qi deficiency?

A
  • Weak, unenthusiastic
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39
Q

What is the Aetiology of Qi deficiency?

A
  • Chronic illness
  • Poor diet
  • Weak digestion
  • Lack of sleep
  • Exhaustion
  • Excessive worrying
  • A lack of purpose
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40
Q

What organs are affected in Qi deficiency?

A
  • Spleen
  • Kidney
  • Heart
  • Lung
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41
Q

How is the Speen affected in Qi deficiency?

A
  • Distension after eating
  • Food intolerances
  • Sugar cravings
  • Weight gain
  • Weak limbs
  • Loose stools
  • Lack of appetite
  • Foggy head
  • Poor concentration
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42
Q

How are the Kidneys affected by Qi deficiency?

A
  • Sore back
  • Feeling cold
  • Copious urination
  • Low libido
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43
Q

How is the Heart affected by Qi deficiency?

A
  • Palpitations
  • Pallor
  • Lack of motivation
  • Depression
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44
Q

How are the Lungs affected by Qi deficiency?

A
  • Cough with watery sputum
  • Spontaneous daytime sweating
  • Dislike of speaking
  • Propensity to catch colds
  • Shortness of breath
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45
Q

What is the treatment principle for Qi deficiecy caused by poor diet?

A

Educate the patient
on diet and lifestyle
Look at the Spleen

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46
Q

What is the treatment principle for Qi deficiecy caused by weak digestion?

A

Strengthen digestion
Educate on diet
Look at Spleen, Kidneys

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47
Q

What is the treatment principle for Qi deficiecy caused by exhaustion/lack of sleep?

A

Rest, relax, slow down
Educate on diet
Look at Kidneys

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48
Q

What is the treatment principle for Qi deficiecy caused by Emotions (esp worrying)?

A

Let go of negative emotions
Look at Spleen

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49
Q

What is the treatment principle for Qi deficiecy caused by chronic illness?

A

Re-build strength
Look at Spleen, Kidneys
Educate on diet and lifestyle

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50
Q

What are general advice on lifestyle for Qi deficiency?

A
  • Resolve any emotional or lifestyle issues that have contributed to Qi deficiency
  • This may involve changing jobs or
    career, rethinking relationships
  • (Re-)connect with your sense of purpose
  • Adequate sleep and rest are essential
  • Keep warm
  • Meditate
  • Exercise lightly to gently build and move Qi: Qi gong, Hatha Yoga, walks in nature
51
Q

What are general advice on diet for Qi deficiency?

A
  • Meals should be warming, nourishing, hydrating, easy to digest.
  • Soups, stews, dahls, porridges, congees
  • Warm water and herbal infusions
  • Avoid energetically cold foods and substances*
  • Do not overeat, and avoid heavy meals in order not to deplete or stagnate Qi.
  • Support the organ(s) that are affected by, or contribute to, Qi deficiency: Spleen, Kidneys, Lungs, Heart.

raw foods, salads, cold drinks, smoothies.

52
Q

What specific foods are recommended to support Spleen Qi ?

A
  • Soups, stews, dahls, mild curries
  • Naturally sweet vegetables nourish the digestive system: Sweet potato, squash, carrots, yam, root vegetables
  • Steamed whole grains: Spelt, wheat, rice,oat, millet, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat
  • Cooked breakfasts such as porridges or congees are warming and hydrating.
  • Cook with warming herbs and spices: Ginger, cinnamon, cumin, caraway seeds, bay leaf, mustard seeds, cardamon
53
Q

What specific foods are recommended to support Kidney Qi ?

A
  • Deeply nourishing support for adrenal fatigue or chronic illness.
  • Dishes cooked with bone, cartilage and marrow (e.g. bone broths)
  • Butter, ghee, cold pressed oils and animal fats support hormonal health (which relies on the adrenals).
  • The salty flavour has an affinity with the kidneys (adrenals); use sea or rock salt, not refined table salt.
  • Foods: Black beans, kidney beans, (black) sesame seeds, chia seeds, walnuts, chestnuts, soymilk, tofu, root vegetables, fish and shellfish, seaweed, mushrooms, miso
54
Q

What specific foods are recommended to support Lung Qi ?

A
  • Pungent or spicy foods such as black pepper, ginger, cayenne, spring onions, help the lungs to expel mucus and induce a sweat
  • Use in moderation as excess consumption causes heat / dryness.
  • Yoghurt, honey or fruits (grow in air space) moisten the lungs and support Lung Yin.
  • Broccoli and cauliflower support the lungs (they look like lungs)
  • Roasted almonds, pine nuts or thyme support Lung Qi.
55
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Qi Sinking?

A
  • Weak limbs
  • Loose stools
  • Haemorrhoids
  • Organ Prolapse (stomach, uterus or anus)*

*Qi helps holds organs in place

56
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Qi Sinking?

A
  • Pale
57
Q

How is the Pulse in Qi Sinking?

A
  • Weak
58
Q

What is the Aetiology of Qi Sinking?

A
  • Chronic disease
  • Ill health
  • Over-exertion
  • Long-term standing
  • Multiple pregnancies
59
Q

What Organ is affected by Qi Sinking?

A
  • Spleen
60
Q

What are general advice on diet for Qi Sinking?

A
  • As a progression of spleen Qi deficiency, naturopathic advice is the same
  • Soups, stews, dahls, mild curries
  • Naturally sweet vegetables
  • Steamed whole grains
  • Cooked breakfasts
  • Cook with warming herbs and spices
61
Q

What are some specific lifestyle recommendations for Qi Sinking?

A
  • Avoid anything that causes downward movement in the body, such as laxatives
  • Avoid standing for long hours or lifting heavy items
62
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Feeling of distension
  • Pain that moves from place to place
  • Abdominal masses that appear and disappear
  • Depression, irritability
  • PMS, mood swings
  • Frequent sighing

Excess condition, Qi accumulating instead of circulating

63
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Normal
  • Possibly red sides
  • Raised edges in chronic states

Sides of the tongue = liver

64
Q

How is the Pulse in Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Strong, hard
  • Wiry (like a guitar string hitting the fingers)
65
Q

What is the Aetiology of Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Anger, Frustration
  • Chronic stress
  • Lack of exercise
66
Q

What organs are affected by Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Liver and lungs
67
Q

What Lifestyle Advice is recommended for Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Eat moderate portions; do not eat late at night
  • Try to regulate the emotions address the causes of stress and frustration
  • Alcohol and cigarettes move Qi temporarily but will, in time, make the stagnation worse
  • Keep things moving with walking, singing and dancing
68
Q

What Diet advice is recommended for Qi Stagnation?

A
  • Avoid heavy meals, fried greasy foods, spicy foods*, cold foods, alcohol and coffee
  • Eat Qi-moving foods, such as fermented foods (miso, sauerkraut, sourdough rye), steamed veg, sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, leek, asparagus, chives, watercress
  • Warming / moving herbs and spices: ginger, basil, oregano, cumin, fennel, pepper (in small amounts)

*spicy foods are moving but introduce too much heat

69
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Liver Yang Rising/Liver Fire Blazing?

A

Same as Qi stagnation, plus signs of heat:
* Headaches at the temples or eyes
* Red face
* High pitch tinnitus
* Anger or rage

Becoming serious, risk of strokes more likely

70
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Liver Yang Rising?

A
  • Red, especially on the sides
  • Dry
  • Yellow or brown coating
71
Q

How is the Pulse in Liver Yang Rising?

A
  • Wiry and rapid
72
Q

What is the Aetiology of Liver Yang Rising?

A
  • Chronic Qi stagnation
  • Plus heat from diet or emotions
73
Q

What foods should be avoided in Liver Yang Rising conditions?

A

Avoid energetically hot foods and substances:
* Sugar, alcohol
* Coffee, black tea, fizzy drinks
* Red meats, hot spices, fried greasy food, onion, garlic
* Processed foods

74
Q

What should be eaten in Liver Yang Rising conditions?

A

Cooling foods:
* Bitter greens
* Fruits
* Watermelon, celery

75
Q

What are Lifestyle recommendations in Liver Yang Rising conditions?

A
  • Avoid stress at all costs
  • Urgently address emotional causes
  • Avoid strong exercise, hot yoga etc.
  • Take only moderate exercise e.g. walking in nature or Qi Gong
76
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Blood Deficiency*?

*not the same as anaemia, but can overlap

A
  • Grey, pale face
  • Numbness
  • Blurred vision, Floaters
  • Dizziness
  • Insomnia
  • Pale tongue
  • Dry skin and hair
77
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Pale and thin
78
Q

How is the Pulse in Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Choppy and thready
79
Q

What is the Aetiology of Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Poor diet
  • Excessive menstrual bleeding
  • Blood loss (childbirth, operations)
  • Long term unresolved emotional stress
80
Q

What are the Heart Organ Symptoms in Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Palpitations
  • Anxiety
  • Propensity to be startled
81
Q

What are the Liver Organ Symptoms in Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Scanty or no period
  • Infertility
  • Muscular cramps
  • Withered and brittle nails
82
Q

What are some general Lifestyle recommendations in Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Avoid coffee and black tea*
  • Consider supplementing iron (or the tissue salt Ferrum Phos), magnesium, vitamin B12 and vitamin C
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding should be stopped as soon as possible
  • Address long-term emotional issues

* deplete the body of minerals

83
Q

What Diet advice is recommended in Blood Deficiency?

A
  • Nourish the Spleen* to make the Blood
  • Avoid raw foods, smoothies, cold juices
  • Eats slow cooked meats, stews, organic liver
  • Eat dark leaves (spinach, sorrel, chard, kale), black radish, broccoli, beetroot, wheatgrass, sea vegetables, spirulina
  • Raw vegetable juices (room temperature)
  • Nettle or rosehip tea
  • Red dates, red grapes, cherries, raspberries, blackcurrents, blueberries (the darkness of a food is often an indication of its blood nourishing power)

*Strengthen digestive system

84
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Blood Stasis?

A
  • Dark complexion
  • Purple lips
  • Stabbing pain
  • Fixed abdominal masses
  • Purple nails
  • Bleeding with dark blood or clots
85
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Blood Stasis?

A
  • Purple
  • Distended purple sublingual veins
86
Q

How is the Pulse in Blood Stasis

A
  • Tight or wiry
87
Q

What is the Aetiology of Blood Stasis?

A
  • Qi Deficiency
  • Qi Stasis
  • Blood deficiency
  • Heat in the blood
  • Interior cold
  • Local trauma
  • Operations

*Qi is commander of the blood, so they are linked in Blood Deficiency

88
Q

What are the Liver Organ symptoms in Blood Stasis?

A
  • Painful periods with large dark clots
89
Q

What are the Stomache Organ symptoms in Blood Stasis?

A
  • Epigastric pain
  • Vomiting of blood
  • Blood in the stools

Red flag symptoms

90
Q

What are uterus Organ symptoms in Blood Stasis?

A
  • Painful periods with large clots
  • Fibroids
  • Endometriosis
91
Q

What general advice is recommended for Blood Stasis?

A
  • Blood stasis can be the effect of a number of different conditions, it is best to consult a practitioner
  • Diet must take into account the underlying cause of blood stasis and avoid anything that contributes to it:
  • Blood deficiency: nourish blood
  • Qi stagnation: Move Qi to move blood
92
Q

What Diet advice is recommended in Blood Stasis?

A
  • Foods that disperse stagnant blood include chives, garlic, scallions, leek and warming spices including seed spices
  • A tea made with equal parts cinnamon, ginger and tangerine peel stimulates both Qi and blood circulation
93
Q

What are the main differences between Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis?

A
94
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Blood Heat?

A
  • Feeling hot
  • Skin diseases with eruptions
  • Bleeding
  • Visible blood vessels
95
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Blood Heat?

A
  • Red
96
Q

How is the Pulse in Blood Heat conditions?

A
  • Rapid
97
Q

What is the Aetiology of Blood Heat?

A
  • Diet
  • Blood infections
  • Unresolved emotions
98
Q

What Organ is affected in Blood Heat?

A

The liver
Heat is being transmitted to the blood, making it hot

99
Q

What general advice is recommended in Blood Heat conditions?

A
  • Avoid energetically hot food, in particular garlic, hot spices, alcohol
  • Avoid anything that might cause toxicity
  • Avoid anything that contributes to the underlying cause of the blood heat, e.g. toxins, chronic stress, unresolved anger
100
Q

What Diet advice is recommended in Blood Heat conditions?

A
  • Eat blood-cooling foods: Mung beans, celery stalks, cucumber, bitter greens, curcuma, bitter melon
  • Supervised fasting
101
Q

How can appearance of bleeding be used in differential diagnosis?

A
102
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Body Fluid deficiency?

A
  • Dry skin, mouth, nose, lips or tongue
  • Muscle tears
103
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Body Fluid deficiency?

A
  • Dry
104
Q

How is the Pulse in Body Fluid deficiency?

A
  • Thin, especially in the right middle position
  • Right wrist is best
105
Q

What is the Aetiology of Body Fluid deficiency?

A
  • Poor hydration (too much tea/coffee)
  • Blood deficiency
  • Exposure to dry climate or central heating
106
Q

What are Lung Organ related symptoms in Body Fluids deficiency?

A
  • Lung dryness
  • Dry cough
  • Thirst
  • Dry Throat
  • Hoarse voice
107
Q

What are Large intestine Organ related symptoms in Body Fluids deficiency?

A
  • Large intestine dryness
  • Constipation with a dry stool
108
Q

What are Stomach Organ related symptoms in Body Fluids deficiency?

A
  • Stomach dryness
  • Dry tongue with horizontal cracks
  • Dry mouth but with no desire to drink
109
Q

What Diet advice can be recommended for Body Fluids deficiency states?

A
  • Avoid foods and substances that are dehydrating: Coffee, black tea, alcohol, undercooked rice, toast
  • Eat warm wet foods: soups, stews, congees, porridges
  • Eat moistening foods: pear, melon, grapes, honey, yoghurt
  • Healthy oils, fats and broths are deeply hydrating
110
Q

What are the Signs and symptoms of Excess Body Fluids?

A
  • Fluid swellings
  • Swollen tongue
  • Slippery pulse
111
Q

What is the Aetiology of Excess Body Fluids?

A

Qi or Yang deficiency failing to transform and move Body Fluids

  • Lung Qi deficiency: oedema of the upper body, face and hands
  • Spleen Yang deficiency: oedema of the abdomen (ascites)*
  • Kidney Yang deficiency: oedema of the legs and ankles

*Potentail Red flag for liver cirrhosis/cancer or ovarian cancer

112
Q

What Diet advice can be recommended for Excess Body Fluids states?

A
  • Avoid dairy, gluten, sugar and moistening foods (pear, melon, tomato, grapes)
  • Eat drying foods: rice, barley, mushrooms, corn
113
Q

What is Damp in TCM?

A
  • Dampness refers to any condition where internal fluids build up without being cleared and refreshed
  • Damp occurs when Spleen Qi or Spleen Yang is deficient and fails to transform food
114
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Damp conditions?

A
  • Possibly swollen
  • Sticky coating
  • Damp provides a Yin anchor for heat to sit in, Causing Damp Heat (Sticky yellow tongue coat)
115
Q

How is the Pulse in Damp conditions?

A
  • Slippery
  • No clear beginning/end
116
Q

What are the symptoms of Damp congealed in the Spleen?

A
  • Diarrhoea
  • Loose stools
  • Candida
117
Q

What are the symptoms of Damp congealed in the Damp congealed in the Bladder?

A
  • Cystitis-like symptoms
118
Q

What are the symptoms of Damp congealed in the Damp congealed in the Head?

A
  • Fogginess
119
Q

What are the symptoms of Damp congealed in the Damp congealed in the Skin?

A
  • Weeping skin conditions
120
Q

What are the symptoms of Damp congealed in the body as a whole?

A
  • Weight gain
  • High cholesterol
  • Heaviness of the limbs
121
Q

What Diet advice can be recommended for Damp states?

A

Avoid damp-forming foods:
* foods giving rise to toxins or allergic/sensitivity reactions
* fried foods, alcohol, processed foods, dairy, gluten, sugar, banana, thick fruit juices, raw food and cold drinks

  • Eat drying foods: roasted barley, rice, mushrooms
  • Nourish the digestive system with warming, simple and clear meals
  • Radishes and ginger clear Damp/Phlegm from the lungs
  • Fennel seed and cinnamon tea
122
Q

What is Phlegm in TCM?

A

Phlegm = Damp + Heat

Conditions involving phlegm are chronic and difficult to treat
A substantial form of damp and can congeal in:
* Lungs: Causing thick sputum or sinusitis
* Under the skin: causing lumps and cysts
* Joints: causing bone deformities such as in rheumatoid arthritis

123
Q

What is the appearance of the Tongue in Phlegm states?

A
  • Possibly red
  • Possibly swollen
  • Sticky yellow coating
124
Q

How is the Pulse in Phlegm states?

A
  • Slippery and possibly red

Naturopathy Study (CNM) (14 decks)

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