Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Techtonics > Flashcards

Techtonics Flashcards

1
Q

What happens at plate boundarys?

A

Earthquakes, volcanoes mostly happen at plate boundarys.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Earths crust made up off?

A

Techtonic plates which are constantly slowly moving.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the techtonic plate theory?

A

The techtonic plate theory is the theory that Earth used to be one continent called Pagea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an example of the jigsaw fit for pagea?

A

West coast of Africa and East coast of South America.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which plate is England on?

A

The Eurasian plate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What plate is Brazil on?

A

South American plate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name two plates that are moving towards each other?

A

Nazca plate and the South American plate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Two plates moving past each other.

A

Noth American plate and pacific plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the ring of fire?

A

It is around the Pacific plate where alot of volcanoes are around. Alot volcanoes are near West coast South America, Eastern Eurasian, New Zealand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a convection current?

A

Magma heats up becuase of radiation decay in the core this casue magma to rise reaching the plates/crust then cools dragging the plates down then they reapeat the cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Process of a divergent plate boundarys(summary)

A
  1. Convection currents in mantle move plates apart(2cm a year approx).
  2. A gap appears mantle moves upwards, pressure decreases upper mantle starts to melt.
  3. Magma rises through gap high pressure to low zone and for shield volcanoes and small,frequent earthquakes.
  4. Volcanoes are frequent but not violent because of low silica levels(means runny lava)
  5. Magma cools creating new crust and even islands over millions of years e.g iceland.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the thickness, age and rock type of the continental plate?

A

Thickness 70km, age 3.6 billion years, rock type: granite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the thickness, age and rock type of the oceanic plate?

A

Thickness 7km, age 200 million years, rock type is basalt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a divergent plate boundary?

A

A divergent plate boundarys is when two plates are moving away form each other and are constructive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a convergent plate boundary?

A

A convergent plate boundarys are where the plates move towards one anothe this plate boundary is destructive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the process of subduction? At convergent plate boundary.

A
  1. Less dense continental plate moves toward the oceanic plate.
  2. Pressure builds up at subduction zone-friction melting oceanic plate. Can cause eathquake when friction released.
  3. denser oceanic plate forced below(subduct)
  4. molten rock builds in the chamber
  5. when pressure build magam rises through a composition volcanoes.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens at convergent plate boundarys?

A
  1. Earthquakes happen as 2 plates slide past each other.
  2. plates can move past each other at other speeds.
  3. pacific plate 6cm/year also moves north but 1cm/year
  4. plates become stuck and friction builds
  5. pressure eventually builds and is released in an earthquake.
  6. no new crust as plates not forced up or down.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the different layers of the earht called?

A

Inner core outer core, mantle crsut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How think is each layer of the earth?

A

Crust is about 5-70km, mantle thickest 2900km, outer core around 2300km, inner core 1250km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How hot is each layer of the earth?

A

Crust: oldest layer, mantle: 1000 near crust 3700 near core, outer core: near mantle 3700 near inner core 5000 ,inner core 5000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Rock of each layer of earth?

A

Crust: solid rock in tectonic plates, mantle:semi-molten(semi liquid), outer core: iron(liquid iron makes magnetic field), inner core:iron nickel very dense, not liquid due to pressure.

22
Q

What are the 4 pieces of evidence of pangea?

A

Jigsaw fit,convection currents, fossil theory, palaeomagnetism

23
Q

What is the jigsaw fit?

A

Countries fit together like a jigsaw countries like

24
Q

What is the evidence of fossils for pangea?

A

The mesosaurus fossils were only found in southern Africa and southern part of south america which would fit together in jigsaw fit.

25
Q

What is an example of a conservative plate boundary?

A

San Andreas fault.

26
Q

Hiw do fold moutains occur?

A

The Indian plate and A Eurasia eventually
overtime duty deposition had slammed into each other powerfully ardently both have
200 million years ago the Indian
built up then pressure increased the same density neither isforadamltkywed.fm
plate and Eurasia were separated by the sea and created new sedimentary rock mountains.
of Tethys. The rivers were drained and sediment was at the bottom of the ocean.
being deposited in the ocean.2

27
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

A vibration in the earths crust by movement at plate boundarys

28
Q

What plate boundarys do most earthqukaes happen at?

A

Conservite and convergent boundaries

29
Q

What is the epicentre of an earthquake?

A

The point on the ground above where an earthquake happens

30
Q

What is the focus of sn earthquake?

A

The point along the fault where the earthquake happens

31
Q

What is released from the earthquake?

A

Shockwaves

32
Q

What are primary shockwaves?

A

They travel fast and move fowards and backwards

33
Q

What are secondary waves?

A

They move slower and move sideways up and down

34
Q

What is a fault line?

A

A line on the earths surface that traces a geological fault

35
Q

Why do earthquakes happen at san andreas fault?

A
  1. Plates sliding past each other(can also move same direction different speed).
  2. Plates become stuck friction builds.
  3. pressure build up and released into an earthquake.
  4. No new crust as no plate move up or down
36
Q

What is stress and release?earthquakes

A

When pressure builds up between 2 plates stress on fault line. When too much stress it is released.

37
Q

What does the richter scale measure?

A

The magnitude of an earthquake

38
Q

What does the mercalli scale measure?

A

Rhe intensity of earthquake by observations

39
Q

What are the scales on richter scale?

A

1-10

40
Q

What are the scales on mercalli scales?

A

I-XII

41
Q

How is the magnitude of an earthquake recorded?

A

Using a seisometer. Richter scale

42
Q

How is the intensity of an earthquake measured?

A

By observation. Mercalli scale

43
Q

How is the richter scale scaled?

A

6is x10 more powerful than 5. X100 more powerful than 4

44
Q

How is the mercalli scale scaled?

A

Just 1-12

45
Q

Good features of the richter scale?

A

Measured reliablye us8ng sensitve seismic equipment

46
Q

Good feature of the mercalli scale?

A

It has clear difference between each numbers

47
Q

How fast do primary waves move?

A

8km per second

48
Q

How fast do secondary waves move?

A

4km per second

49
Q

Which type of waves come after primary and secondary?

A

Surface waves and rayleigh waves

50
Q

Which type of waves do the most shaking?

A

Surface waves

Geography (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions