Terminology (mrs smith)

Question 1

social group

Answer 1

individuals who share interests and connections with others (having something in common)

Question 2

theolinguistics

Answer 2

the study of the relationship between language use and religious faith

Question 3

convergence

Answer 3

in language study, changing ones languages in order to move towards that of an individual

Question 4

divergence

Answer 4

in language study, changing ones language in order to move away from that of an individual

Question 5

macro-level

Answer 5

operating on a large scale

Question 6

micro-level

Answer 6

operating on a small scale

Question 7

post vocalic

Answer 7

pronouncing an /r/ after a vowel where this is an r in the spelling

Question 8

density

Answer 8

in studies of social networks, density refers to the number of connections people have

Question 9

multiplexity

Answer 9

it refers to the number of ways in which two individuals might relate to each other e.g. family / friends

Question 10

social network

Answer 10

a network of relations between people in their membership of different people

Question 11

case study

Answer 11

an in-depth study of a single context that can be used to offer insights for further studies

Question 12

informant

Answer 12

someone who offers information to a researcher

Question 13

dialect

Answer 13

a style of language used within a particular geographical region

Question 14

ethnolect

Answer 14

a style of language thought to be characteristics of a particular ethnic group

Question 15

familect

Answer 15

a style of language used within a family

Question 16

genderlect

Answer 16

a style of language thought to be distinctive of either men or women

Question 17

social practices

Answer 17

the ways in which people in groups habitually behave

Question 18

sociolect

Answer 18

a style of language used within a particular social group

Question 19

community of practise

Answer 19

a group of people who share understandings, perspectives and forms of language use as a result of meeting regularly over time

Question 20

deficit model

Answer 20

an assumption that something is lacking or deficit

Question 21

elaborated code

Answer 21

an idea that middle class speakers use complex forms of language

Question 22

pragmatic rules

Answer 22

the unspoken rules that operate in interactions between people who share a common understanding

Question 23

restricted code

Answer 23

an idea that working class speakers use limited forms of language

Question 24

accent

Answer 24

the way that people pronounce sounds

Question 25

descriptivism

Answer 25

the belief that correctness is dependent on the context. it doesnt believe the norm is what authority says it should be

Question 26

distributions

Answer 26

where a feature is used, within the language inventory of an individual or group

Question 27

inventory

Answer 27

a list of items

Question 28

non regional

Answer 28

the RP accent

Question 29

non standard

Answer 29

different from normal or majority useage

Question 30

phonetic alphabet

Answer 30

an alphabet designed for transcribing the sounds of all the world’s languages

Question 31

prescriptivism

Answer 31

the belief that there is an absolute authority determining correct useage. correctness is something absolute and unchangeable

Question 32

standard

Answer 32

used or accepted as normal/average

Question 33

rhotic

Answer 33

accents where speakers pronounce the post vocalic r

Question 34

covert prestige

Answer 34

status gained from peer group recognition, rather than public acknowledgement

Question 35

estuary english

Answer 35

a recent accent variety used in S.E england, which combines RP and a regional accent

Question 36

glottal stop

Answer 36

a closure of the vocal chords

Question 37

linguistic vairable

Answer 37

an item of language that is likely to vary

Question 38

multicultural london english

Answer 38

a recent variety combining of the language used by different ethnic groups

Question 39

overt prestige

Answer 39

status that is publically acknowleged

Question 40

self reported useage

Answer 40

people describing their own language use

Question 41

dialect levelling

Answer 41

the way in which dialect terms have been dropping out of use

Question 42

isogloss

Answer 42

a geographic boundary indicating where certain aspects of language are used

Question 43

slang

Answer 43

language that is used in informal contexts and widely recognised