Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHSC 210: Earth Science > Test #1 > Flashcards

Test #1 Flashcards

1
Q

A rock formed by crystallization from an originally molten material

A

Igneous Rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Formed from the deposition of sediment (weathered rock materials

A

Sedimentary rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

“Altered form” rocks original rock is changed by heat and pressure ect

A

Metamorphic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Rock Cycle: to get to Sedimentary-

A

uplift, erosion, depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Rock Cycle: to get to Metamorphic-

A

burial, heat, pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rock Cycle: to get to Igneous

A

melt, recrystalize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When you lay a bunch of things down together, cumulate

A

deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

occurs when the earlier formed minerals are more dense (heavier) than the liquid portion and sink toward the bottom of the magma chamber

A

crystal settling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The formation of one or more secondary magmas from a single parent magma

A

Magmatic Differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Molten rock most often generated by melting rocks in Earth’s mantle

A

Magma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When magma reaches the surface

A

lava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

size and arrangement inside the rock

A

texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Igneous rock texture is determined by…

A

the size and arrangement of the crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Crystallization occurs when

A

the temperature of lava/magma decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The Igneous Rock texture with very large crystals (greater than 1cm)

A

Pegmatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The Igneous Rock texture that crystals are large enough to see with the naked eye

A

Phaneritic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Distance from crust to inner core

A

6371 km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

distance from crust to outer core

A

2890 km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The Igneous Rock texture that is a mix of Phaneritic and Aphantic

A

Porphyritic

20
Q

The Igneous Rock texture that crystals too small to distinguish with unaided eye

A

Aphanitic

21
Q

The Igneous Rock texture that possesses holes and tubes

A

Vesicular

22
Q

The Igneous Rock texture that contain pieces of other rocks in them

A

Fragmental

23
Q

The Igneous Rock texture that looks like glass

A

glassy

24
Q

Grantic is ____ % Felsic materials

A

85%

25
Q

Balsaltic is ____ % Felsic materials

A

15-55%

26
Q

Ultramatic is ____ % Felsic materials

A

less than 15%

27
Q

All have iron / magnesium, higher density, and darker colors

A

Mafic

28
Q

Silica rich minerals, light colors, low density

A

Felsics

29
Q

This kind of rock is produced by physical and chemical weathering

A

Sedimentary

30
Q

Examples of CLASSIC or DETRITAL Sedimentary Rocks

A

Conglomerate and Breccia, sandstone, siltstone, shale and claystone, mudstone

31
Q

Examples of BIOCHEMICAL Sedimentary Rocks

A

limestone (chalk), Coal

32
Q

2 kinds of COAL

A

Lignite and bituminous

33
Q

Examples of CHEMICAL Sedimentary Rocks

A

Halite, Gypsum rock, Chert

34
Q

loose sediment is converted into rock by a process called

A

lithification (“turn into stone”)

35
Q

Flat line deposits with a distinct top and bottom

A

Beds/ Strata

36
Q

Past organisms (or traces of them) preserved in the rock record

A

Fossils

37
Q

3 agents of metamorphism

A
  • high temperatures
  • pressure
  • chemically active fluids
38
Q

The kind of pressure that is EQUAL in all directions

A

Confining pressure

39
Q

The kind of pressure that is UNequal stress results in deformed rock

A

Differential

40
Q

an atom that lost or gained an electron

A

ion

41
Q

2 settings for Metamorphism

A

Contact/ thermal and Regional

42
Q

Contact/ Thermal setting for metamorphism

A

(near magma source- “baked by heat”)

43
Q

Regional setting for metamorphism

A

(produces the most rocks needs high temps and pressure)

44
Q

2 metamorphic rock categories

A

Foliated and nonfoliated

45
Q

Foliated metamorphic rock category

A

flat fractures, lines. or banding patterns (shale, slate)

46
Q

Nonfoliated metamorphic rock category

A

no internal patterns, (marble —> lime stone) (Soap stone –> Talc)

PHSC 210: Earth Science (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions