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Religion and Medicine > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Vata (Energy type? Expenditure? Properties? Characteristics?)

A

Airy energy; expends more energy than it takes in; dry light cool; excitable, supportive, selfless, self-neglect

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2
Q

Pitta (Energy type? Expenditure? Properties? Characteristics?)

A

Fiery energy; expends appropriate amount energy; hot intense penetrating sharp acidic; passionate, short-tempered, opinionated, overly critical

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3
Q

Kapha (Energy type? Expenditure? Properties? Characteristics?)

A

Conserves energy (water/earth); cool heavy smooth soft/slow static; shy easy going, conservative emotionally, accepting

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4
Q

Ayurveda vs Modern Medicine

A

Ayurveda: Self-help, self reliance, totality, holistic approach, patient is seen as a complete individual instead of an object that needs healing
MM: Prescription, doctor reliance, one targeted area, less patient doctor interaction

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5
Q

Religion in General (Two broad types; 4 broad streams)

A

Pre-axial/Axial; India (Hinduisim, Buddhism); Abrahamic (Judaism, Christianity, Islam); China (Taoism, Confucianism); Greece (Tragedy;Philosophy

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6
Q

Hippolytes by Euripedes

A
  1. Competing divine voices
  2. Lack of clarity about right path
  3. Fatal result w/no sense of hope
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7
Q

Apology of Plato

A
  1. Single voice
  2. All about morality though the gods are not really moral (vindictive)
  3. Dreams and oracles
  4. Socrates dies but still wins (contrasts depressing ending in Tragedy)
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8
Q

Acupuncture

A

Manipulation and blocking of the chi energy; painkiller, less damaging than anesthetic; less expensive than Ayurvedic medicine;

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9
Q

Daoism

A

Confucianism focuses on humanity and is human centric while Daoism is about the non-human world, holistic (self, society, natural cosmos)
Goal: Strong health and longevity
A. Reality is inexhaustible origination (the point that new things give rise to new things)
B. Reality is polar-generative process
C. Reality is a multi-interactive harmony
5 elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, water (liver, heart, spleen, lung, kidney)

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10
Q

Daoism (One)

A

TAO = way/path; ultimate pattern and source of all changing phenomena; nonpersonal entity that changes, underlying unity beneath existence [The name that can be named is not the constant name. The nameless is the beginning of sky and earth]

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11
Q

What the Doctor Ordered?

A
  1. Patient becomes a number
  2. Ether/microscope/antiseptic/dye
  3. Trial and Error -> hypotheses (progress leads to confidence)
  4. Developed around the globe (science/limited to nationality/ethnicity)
  5. Progress -> new moral issues
  6. Bodies are bodies (doesn’t matter where you were born or how much money you had)
  7. Religion is absent in terms of practice, diagnosis
  8. Medicine is king/queen
  9. Focus is on disease
  10. Biomedicine is an interdisciplinary adventure
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12
Q

What is Specific to Biomedicine (Arthur Kleinmann) (I)

A

A. Materialism is the source of knowledge (nature, analysis, tests)
B. Nature is not teleological (human body is not seen as a conduit of higher realm
C. Biomedicine is marked by an “anti-vitalism”; disenchanted worldview; things are simply things; religion put aside and not necessary for medical process

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13
Q

What is Specific to Biomedicine (Arthur Kleinmann) (II and III)

A

A. Western ideas of progress
B. Method: controlling data and experiments; to make predictions based on past facts
C. Disease

A. Biomedicine is the most institutionalized form of medicine
B. Biomedicine has also gained the most power of any medical system
C. Biomedicine has more in common w/ governments than other systems of healing

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14
Q

Pre-Axial

A
  1. Religion focused on imminent matters
  2. Religion emphasis on normal human flourishing
  3. Society is seen as sacred entity
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15
Q

Axial

A
  1. Religion starts to highlight transcendent things (beyond the here and now)
  2. No longer in normal human flourishing
  3. Society becomes desacralized
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16
Q

Tridosha

A

Three energies determined at time of birth; health and healing are regarded as natural; ayurvedic medicine personalized to fit a person

17
Q

Ayurveda

A

1.Medical science that describes how to maintain one’s health and vigor and how to deal with mental illness. (Physical, mental, social, spiritual)
Carak Samhita introduces medical aspect and team concept of healthcare
2.No distinction between physical and mental illness; just illness
3. 5 basic elements (wind, earth, water, fire, space); wind fire and water -> breath bile and mucus; similar to ancient greek and roman philosophy (black and yellow bile, phlegm and blood = earth, wind, fire, water)
4. Imbalance leads to illness
5. Dualistic: Physical, Mind
6. Must see treatment of the body from the perspective of the spirit, dismissing it would be considered bad and unethical
7. Curable and incurable (no treatment)
8. Wrongful actions are seen as adding stress and disharmony of the individual and the collective; good hygiene, good work occupies the mind and reverence for the divine
9. Daily rituals, therapies based on religious rights, spiritual and scriptural knowledge

18
Q

Yin-yang; chi

A

Balances the interaction of the five elements; chi is the energy within and it can be affected by evils such as weather conditions; disharmony leads to disease; travels to five organs (liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidneys) Death = complete separation of yin and yang energy;

19
Q

Daoism (cont)

A

Holistic (Chi, yin-yang, 5 elements = physical psychological spiritual); Meditation to achieve a deeper state of self-awareness; love people, sustain and prolong life, death is natural

20
Q

Four Aims of Life

A

Virtue (dharma); purpose or wealth (artha); pleasure (kama); release or liberation from rebirth (moksha)
Given to people according to their situation and guides personal actions, relationships

21
Q

Artha

A

Pursuit of livelihood not as an end, but necessary for sustenance of life; not to be poor

22
Q

Kama

A

indulging desire and suppression are extremes; effort to integrate and regulate passions

23
Q

Moksha

A

beyond the body, connects the search for immortality with the quest for cohesion, freedom from pain, old age and death

24
Q

Daoism (Two)

A

Yin: Rest, darkening, night, water, cold, stillness
Yang: Moving, brightening, day, summer, hot, dynamic motion

25
Q

Daoism (Three)

A

Human Body: Shen -> Head; Chi -> Heart; Jing = Sexual organs -> Abdomen

26
Q

Four Noble Truths

A
  1. Condition: Life is suffering, dissatisfaction, out of joint
  2. Cause: attachment and craving
  3. State of Health -> Liberation/nirvana
  4. Path that leads to liberation
27
Q

Eight Fold Path

A
  1. Right Thought + 2. Right intention = Wisdom
  2. Right Speech + 4. Right Action + 5. Right Livelihood = Morality
  3. Right Effort + 7. Right Mindfulness + 8.Right Concentration = Meditation
28
Q

Why is Buddhism so attractive?

A
  1. Buddha struggled himself
  2. Teachings aren’t just about him
  3. Based on your own decisions, individualized, many people have different sets of morals,
  4. Caste does not determine fate
  5. Gives people hope that they control their fate
  6. Women can have same role as men

Religion and Medicine (1 decks)

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