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Microbiology > Test 1 Parasitology > Flashcards

Test 1 Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

The close association or living together of organisms of different species

A

Symbiosis

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2
Q

A type of symbiosis where a parasite is benefited and the host is neither benefited nor harmed by the relationship

A

Commensalism

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3
Q

A types of symbiosis in which both host and parasite benefit

A

Mutualism

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4
Q

An obligatory relationship in which one organism, the parasite, is metabolically dependent on another organism, the host. The host is usually unharmed

A

Parasitism

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5
Q

Name 4 types of organism relationships

A

Parasitism
Commensalism
Mutualism
Symbiosis

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6
Q

Parasites that cannot survive in a free-living state

A

Obligate parasites

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7
Q

Parasites that normally have a free living existence and establish a parasitic relationship with a host if the opportunity presents itself

A

Facultative parasites

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8
Q

Parasites that live inside their host

A

Endoparasites

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9
Q

Parasites that live on the outer surface of their hosts

A

Ectoparasites

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10
Q

Hosts in which a parasite reaches sexual maturity and reproduces

A

Definitive hosts

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11
Q

Host in which some development of the parasite occurs but does not mature

A

Intermediate hosts

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12
Q

Animals that harbor a species of parasite that is also parasitic for humans and from which a human may become infected

A

Reservoir hosts

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13
Q

Arthropods or other living carriers that transport a pathogenic parasite from an infected to a non infected host

A

Vector hosts

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14
Q

Animals that ingest infected intermediate hosts and become intermediate hosts themselves

A

Paratenic hosts

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15
Q

Organisms that harbor a life stage of a parasite but do not transmit the parasite to another host thus not allowing it to continue its life cycle

A

Dead end hosts

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16
Q

Used to concentrate parasitic forms in fecal samples. It’s is based on the fact that parasitic forms will float in zinc sulfate solutions of high osmolality

A

Fecal concentrations

17
Q

A quick inexpensive way of viewing specimens for the presence of Arthropods by dissolving the tissue element while retaining their shape and color

A

KOH preparations

18
Q

Used to examine intracellular structures by staining tissue and blood cells. Stains intracellular parasites blue, sometimes creating a halo around them

A

Giemsa stain

19
Q

Standard procedure for staining parasites in fecal material. Stains protozoan cells pink with blue-green organelles

A

Trichrome stain

20
Q

Identifies cell types in blood smears

A

Wrights stain

21
Q

What 4 things can be stained using wrights stain

A

Leukocytes
Erythrocytes
Protozoans
Microfilariae

22
Q

Finds and identifies small protozoans in fecal smears. Stains cell pink and background blue

A

Acid fast stain

23
Q

Blocks the energy production in protozoan cells

A

Antimony sodium gluconate

24
Q

What inhibits the protein synthesis of protozoans

A

Azithromycin

Oxytetracycline

25
Q

What inhibits the hemoglobin breakdown in erythrocytes (protozoans)

A

Chloroquine

Diloxanide

26
Q

What inhibits enzyme activity in protozoan cells

A

Fumagillin

27
Q

What binds to and inhibits DNA synthesis and protein formation in protozoans

A

Metronidazole

28
Q

What inhibits DNA and damages protozoan cell membranes

A

Nifurtimox

29
Q

What inhibits DNA synthesis and disrupts the mitochondria of protozoans

A

Pyrimethamine sulfadiazine

Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole

30
Q

What inhibits enzyme activity and damages intracellular organelles of protozoans

A

Suramin

31
Q

What 3 drugs inhibit DNA synthesis of protozoans

A

Metronidazole
Nifurtimox
Pyrimethamine sulfadiazine

32
Q

What two drugs inhibit enzyme activity of protozoans

A

Suramin

Fumagillin

33
Q

What inhibits the phosphorylation in the tapeworm (cestodes) mitochondria

A

Niclosamide

34
Q

What damages microfilarial membranes and immobilizes larvae of nematodes

A

Diethylcarbamizine

35
Q

What inhibits the cytoplasmic microtubule formation of nematodes

A

Mebendable
Albendazole
Thiabendazole
Triclabendazole

36
Q

What increases chloride permeability producing paralysis of nematode muscles

A

Ivermectin

37
Q

_____________ is a neurological poison of Arthropods

A

Malathion

38
Q

Organisms that are normally and consistently found in or on the body in the absence of a disease

A

Normal Flora

Microbiology (5 decks)

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