Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

10 most dangerous cities in US

A

1) St. Louis, Missouri
2) Memphis, Tennessee
3) Detroit, Michigan
4) Birmingham, Alabama
5) Rockford, Illinois
6) Baltimore, Maryland
7) Stockton, California
8) Milwaukee, Wisconsin
9) Cleveland, Ohio
10) Hartford, Connecticut

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2
Q

3 Most Dangerous States

A

1) Tennessee
2) Alaska
3) South Carolina

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3
Q

Genocide

A

The deliberate annihilation of a group of people at the hands of another

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4
Q

Ethnicity

A

Cultural practices and outlooks of a give community

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5
Q

Segregation

A

The separation of racial/ethnic groups and allows the dominant group to maintain social distance and yet exploit the labor of the minority group

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6
Q

Prejudice

A

A negative attitude toward another group of people

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7
Q

Labeling theory

A

The view that labels people are given affect their actions

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8
Q

Recidivism

A

The rate of criminals who return to crime and are re arrested is a major problem

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9
Q

Facts about American Indians

A

Numbered about 10 million but had no defense against diseases and the weapons of warfare brought by the white man to their country. Have been reduced to about 1/4 their original size and now number around 3 million

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10
Q

Latino Americans

A

Largest minority group in the US

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11
Q

European Americans

A

Largest group in US

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12
Q

Asian Americans

A

Over 13 million people. Average income for them is high and can be traced to 3 major factors: Asian American children are more likely to grow up in 2 parent homes and less likely to be born to a single mother. Their high rate of college graduation. 48% complete college. Assimilation into the mainstream culture indicated by housing and marriage. More likely to live in integrated neighborhoods and are more financially stable

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13
Q

Violence against Women

A

•In the US, 4 women die each day because of domestic violence and the health care of abused women costs billions of dollars each year

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14
Q

Social Class

A

A large group of people who rank close to one another in property, prestige, & power

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15
Q

Facts about Seniors

A

The elders are less likely to be poor

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16
Q

Stratification

A

The division of groups of people using some characteristic into different strats

17
Q

Facts about Rape

A
  • 8 of every 10,000 females age 12 and above are raped each year
  • only one third of rapes are reported so a more accurate number would be 3 times higher than the official rate
  • only about 1 of 3 rapes is committed by a stranger and date rape is almost always reported
18
Q

Structural Functionism

A

Stratification is functional for society
It exists because
•society must make sure that it’s positions are filled
•some positions are more important than others
•the more important positions must be filled by the more qualified people
•to motivate the more qualified society must offer them greater awards

19
Q

Structural mobility

A

The movement of an entire segment of the population due to a change in society

20
Q

Caste System

A

Decided by birth and is life long (ascribed status)

21
Q

Assimilation

A

The process of being absorbed into the mainstream culture

22
Q

Class consciousness

A

Marx’s term for awareness of a common identity based on ones position in the means of production

23
Q

Strain theory

A

Robert Merton’s term for the strain engendered when a society socializes large numbers of people to desire a cultural goal but withholds from some the approved means of reaching that goal; one adaptation to the strain is crime, the choice of innovative means to attain the cultural goal

24
Q

Differential Association

A

Edwin Sutherland’s term to indicate that people who associate with some groups learn an “excess of definitions” of deviance, increasing the likelihood that they will become deviant

25
Q

Power Elite

A

C. Wright Mills’ term for the top people in US corporations, military, and politics who make the nations major decisions

26
Q

Deviance

A

The violation of norms

27
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

Marx’s term for capitalists, those who own the means of production

28
Q

Multinational Coorporations

A

Companies that operate across national boundaries (transitional corporations)

29
Q

Estate system

A

The stratification system is medieval Europe, consisting of three groups or estates: the nobility, clergy, and commoners

30
Q

Contact theory

A

The idea that prejudice and negative stereotypes decrease and racial ethnic relations improve when people from different racial ethnic backgrounds who are of equal status interact frequently

31
Q

Institutional discrimination

A

Negative treatment of a minority group that is built into a societies institutions (systematic discrimination)

32
Q

Serial murder

A

The killing of several victims in three or more separate events

33
Q

Scapegoat

A

An individual or group unfairly blamed for someone else’s troubles

34
Q

Glass ceiling

A

The mostly invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels at work

35
Q

Hate crime

A

A crime motivated by mostly racial, sexual, or other prejudice

36
Q

States with the highest levels of poverty

A

Mississippi
New Mexico
Louisiana

37
Q

States with the highest percentage of minority groups

A

Hawaii
California
New Mexico