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Anatomy Lab > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

belly of the muscle

A

the contractile portion (which contains skeletal muscle tissue). It is attached to other structures by tendons at each end and is sometimes divided into named subparts

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2
Q

tendon of the muscle

A

the fibrous connective tissue structure found at each end of a skeletal muscle belly. Attaches belly to other structures

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3
Q

aponeuroses

A

a broad or flat sheet-like muscle attachment

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4
Q

head of the muscle

A

the result of the fusion of multiple bellies of a muscle

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5
Q

origin

A

the attachment site of a tendon typically at the proximal or more fixed end of a muscle

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6
Q

insertion

A

the attachment site of a tendon typically at the distal or more mobile end of the a muscle belly

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7
Q

action

A

the stated movement of a skeletal muscle is the potential action produced when a muscle contracts

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8
Q

multi action muscle

A

muscles that are capable of two, three or even more potential movements

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9
Q

supraspinatus muscle

A

origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
action: abduct superior limb at shoulder joint

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10
Q

infraspinatus muscle

A

origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
action: extend shoulder joint and rotate brachium externally

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11
Q

teres minor muscle

A

origin: lateral borer of the scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus
action: adduct superior limb at shoulder joint and rotate brachium externally

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12
Q

teres major muscle

A

origin: inferior angle of the scapula
insertion: medial border of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
action: extend shoulder joint and adduct superior limb at shoulder joint and rotate brachium internally

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13
Q

subscapularis muscle

A

origin: subscapular fossa
insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus
action: rotate brachium internally

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14
Q

deltoideus muscle

A

origin: acromial extremity of the clavicle and acromion and spine of the scapula
insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
action: flex and extend shoulder joint and rotate brachium and adduct superior limb at shoulder joint

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15
Q

coracobrachialis muscle

A

origin: coracoid process of the scapula
insertion: medial aspect of the body of the humerus
action: flex shoulder joint and adduct superior limb at shoulder joint

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16
Q

biceps brachii muscle

A

origin: long head- neck of the scapula
short head- coracoid process of the scapula
insertion: tuberosity of the radius and deep antebrachial fascia via bicipital aponeurosis
action: flex elbow joint, flex shoulder joint, and supinate antebrachium

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17
Q

brachialis muscle

A

origin: anterior aspect of the body of the humerus
insertion: coronoid process of the ulna
action: flex elbow joint

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18
Q

brachioradialis muscle

A

origin: lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus
insertion: base of styloid process of the radius
action: flex elbow joint, supinate and pronate antebrachium

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19
Q

triceps brachii muscle

A

origin: long head- lateral order of the scapula
lateral head- lateral and posterior aspects of the humerus
medial head- medial and posterior aspects fo the humerus
insertion: olecranon of the ulna
action: extend elbow joint, extend shoulder joint, and adduct superior limb at shoulder joint

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20
Q

anconeus muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: olecranon of the ulna
action: extend cubital joint

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21
Q

flexor carpi radialis muscle

A

origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: anterior aspect of bases of the second and third metacarpal bones
action: flex carpal joint and abduct manus at carpal joint

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22
Q

palmaris longus muscle

A

origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: carpal flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
action: flex carpal joint

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23
Q

superficial digital flexor muscle

A

origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, and proximal aspect of the radius
insertion: middle phalanges of digits 2-5
action: flex carpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joints, and proximal interphalangeal joint 2-5

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24
Q

deep digital flexor joint

A

origin: proximal aspect of the ulna
insertion: base of the distal phalanges of digits 2-5
action: flex carpal joints and digital joints 2-5

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25
Q

flexor pollicis longus muscle

A

origin: anterior aspect of the radial body
insertion: distal phalanx of the pollex
action: flex digital joints of pollex

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26
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

A

origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, olecranon and body of the ulna
insertion: pisiform bone, hamulus of the hamate bone, base of the 5th metacarpal bone
action: flex carpal joint, adduct manus at carpal joint

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27
Q

pronator teres muscle

A

origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus and medial side of the coronoid process of the ulna
insertion: lateral side of the middle aspect of the body of the radius
action: pronate the manus

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28
Q

pronator quadratus muscle

A

origin: distal, anterior aspect of the body of the ulna
insertion: distal, anterior aspect of body of the radius
action: pronate the manus

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29
Q

supinator muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: body of the radius
action: supinate the manus

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30
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

A

origin: lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus
insertion: dorsal aspect of base of the second metacarpal bone
action: extend carpal joint, abduct manus at the carpal joint

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31
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: dorsal aspect of the base of the third metacarpal bone
action: extend carpal joint, abduct manus at the carpal joint

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32
Q

digital extensor muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
action: extend carpal joint, extend interphalangeal joints of joint 2-5

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33
Q

extensor digit minimi muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: fuses with tendon of digital extensor distributed to the fifth digit, proximal phalanx of the fifth finger
action: extend carpal joint, extend digital joints of digit 5

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34
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus; proximal, posterior aspect of body of ulna
insertion: base of the fifth metacarpal bone
action: extend carpal joint, extend digital joints of digit 5

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35
Q

abductor pollicis longus muscle

A

origin: posterior aspect of the radial and ulnar bodies
insertion: lateral side of base of the first metacarpal bone
action: extend digital joint of the thumb, abduct thumb at its carpometacarpal joint

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36
Q

extensor pollicis brevis muscle

A

origin: posterior aspect of the body of the radius and antebrachial interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of thumb
action: extend metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb, abduct them at metacarpophalangeal joint

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37
Q

extensor pollicis longus muscle

A

origin: posterior aspect of body of the ulna and antebrachial interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal aspect of the distal phalanx of thumb
action: extend digital joints of the thumb, abduct thumb at its metacarpophalanageal joint

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38
Q

extensor indicis muscle

A

origin: posterior aspect of body of the ulna
insertion: dorsal aspect of the proximal phalanx of index finger
action: extend the second metacarpophalangeal joint

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39
Q

iliacus muscle

A

origin: iliac fossa
insertion: lesser trochanter, proximal body of the femur bone
action: flex coxal joint and rotate thigh laterally

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40
Q

psoas major muslce

A

origin: bodies of vertebrae T12-L5
insertion: lesser trochanter of the femur bone
action: flex coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally, flex vertebral joints in the lumbar region

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41
Q

gluteus maximus muscle

A

origin: bony sacrum, illiac crest, coccyx
insertion: proximolateral aspect of the body of the femur bone and iliotibial tract
action: extend coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally, some adduction of inferior limb at coxal joint

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42
Q

gluteus medius muscle

A

origin: gluteal surface of the ilium
insertion: greater trochanter of the femur bone
action: abduct inferior limb at coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally

43
Q

gluteus minimus muscle

A

origin: gluteal surface of the ilium
insertion: greater trochanter of the femur bone
action: abduct inferior limb at coxal joint

44
Q

tensor fasciae latae muscle

A

origin: anterior superior iliac spine, iliac crest
insertion: lateral condyle of the tibia
action: flex coxal joint, medial rotation of thigh, abduct inferior limb at coxal joint

45
Q

sartorius muscle

A

origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: medial aspect of the tibial tuberosity
action: flex coxal joint, rotate thigh laterally, flex genual joint, rotate crus medially at knee joint

46
Q

rectus femoris muscle

A

origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
insertion: tibial tuberosity
action: flex coxal joint, extend genual joint

47
Q

vastus intermedius muscle

A

origin: anterior aspect of body of the femur bone
insertion: tibial tubersosity
action: extend genual joint

48
Q

vastus lateralis muscle

A

origin: lateral aspect of body of the femur bone
insertion: tibial tuberosity
action: extend genual joint

49
Q

vastus medialis muscle

A

origin: medial aspect of body of the femur bone
insertion: tibial tuberosity
action: extend genual joint

50
Q

biceps femoris muscle

A

origin: long head- ischiatic tuber
short head- lateral lip of linea aspera of the femur bone
insertion: head of the fibula, lateral condyle of the tibia
action: extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, rotate crus laterally

51
Q

semitendinosus muscle

A

origin: ischiatic tuber
insertion: medial aspect of the proximal part of the tibial body
action: extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, rotate crus medially

52
Q

semimembranosus muscle

A

origin: ischiatic tuber
insertion: medial condyle of the tibia
action: extend coxal joint, flex genual joint, rotate crus medially

53
Q

gracilis muscle

A

origin: inferior ramus of the pubis
insertion: medial aspect of proximal part of the tibial body
action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint, flex genual joint, rotate crus medially

54
Q

pectineus muscle

A

origin: pecten of the pubis
insertion: proximal end of posterior aspect of the femoral body
action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint, flex coxal joint

55
Q

adductor longus muscle

A

origin: pubic symphysis, adjacent body of the pubis
insertion: middle third of aspera of the femur bone
action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint

56
Q

adductor brevis muscle

A

origin: inferior ramus of the pubis
insertion: medial lip of linea aspera of the femur bone
action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint

57
Q

adductor magnus muscle

A

origin: ischiatic tuber, inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of the ischium
insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of the femur bone
action: adduct inferior limb at coxal joint, extend coxal joint

58
Q

anterior tibial muscle

A

origin: proximal tibia and crural interosseous membrane
insertion: medial cuneiform bone, first metatarsal bone
action: flex the talocrural joint, invert the foot

59
Q

long digital extensor muscle

A

origin: lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula, crural interosseous membrane
insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
action: flex talocrural joint, extend digital joints of digits 2-5

60
Q

extensor hallucis longus muscle

A

origin: middle of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane
insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the big toe
action: extend digital joints of big toe, flex talocrural joint

61
Q

peroneus longus muscle

A

origin: proximal third of the fibula
insertion: medial cuneiform bone, base of the first metatarsal bone
action: extend talocrural joint, evert pes

62
Q

peroneus brevis muscle

A

origin: lateral half of the fibula
insertion: base of the fifth metatarsal bone
action: evert foot, extend the talocrural joint

63
Q

peroneus tertius muscle

A

origin: lower third of the body of the fibua
insertion: dorsum of the base of the 5th metatarsal bone
action: flex the talocrural joint, evert the pes

64
Q

gastrocnemius muscle

A

origin: distoposterior aspect of the femur bone just above medial and lateral condyles
insertion: tuber calcanei
action: extend talocrural joint, flex genual joint

65
Q

soleus muscle

A

origin: posteroproximal aspect of the tibia and fibula
insertion: tuber calcanei
action: extend talocrural joint

66
Q

plantaris muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur bone
insertion: tuber calcanei
action: extend talocrural joint

67
Q

popliteus muscle

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the femur bone
insertion: posterior aspect of the tibia above the line of the soleus muscle
action: flex genual joint, rotate crus medially

68
Q

flexor hallucis longus muscle

A

origin: distal two thirds of the fibula, crural interosseous membrane
insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the first digit
action: flex digital joints of first digit, extend talocrural joint, invert the pes

69
Q

flexor digitorum longus muscle

A

origin: middle third of the posterior surface of the tibia
insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
action: flex digital joints of minor toes, extend talocrural joint

70
Q

posterior tibial muscle

A

origin: posterior aspect of the tibia and fibula
insertion: tarsal bones (except talus), metatarsal bones 2-4
action: extend talocrural joint, invert pes

71
Q

epicranius muscle

A

origin: epicranial aponeurosis
insertion: occipital belly- occipital bone,
frontal belly- skin of the eyebrow and nose,
lateral belly- muscle and cartilage of the auricular
action: move the scalp, wrinkle brow, wiggle ears

72
Q

orbicularis oculi muscle

A

origin: orbicularis oculi muscle
insertion: orbicularis oculi muscle
action: close eyelids

73
Q

corrugator supercilii muscle

A

origin: medial aspect of the superciliary arch of the frontal lobe
insertion: skin of eyebrow
action: draw/pull eyebrow downward and medially

74
Q

orbicularis oris muscle

A

origin: orbicularis oris muscle
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle
action: close and purse the lips

75
Q

levator labii superioris muscle

A

origin: maxilla, zygomatic bone
insertion: into orbicularis oris muscle of the upper lip
action: raise/elevate upper lip

76
Q

levator anguli muscle

A

origin: maxilla
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle and skin at corner of the mouth
action: rasie/elevate angle of mouth

77
Q

zygomaticus major muscle

A

origin: zygomatic bone
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle at the angle of the mouth
action: draw/pull upper lip back and upward

78
Q

zygomaticus minor muscle

A

origin: zygomatic bone
insertion: orbicularis oris, levator labii superioris muscle
action: draw/pull upper lip up and laterally

79
Q

depressor labii inferioris muscle

A

origin: anterior aspect of the mandible
insertion: orbicularis oris muscle, skin of the lower lip
action: depress lower lip

80
Q

depressor anguli oris muscle

A

origin: anterior aspect of the mandible
insertion: into the orbicularis oris muscle near the corner of the mouth
action: depress corner of mouth

81
Q

nasalis muscle

A

origin: maxilla
insertion: the contralateral nasalis muscle, ala of the nose
action: wrinkle nose, dilate nostrils

82
Q

temporalis muscle

A

origin: temporal fossa
insertion: coronoid process of mandible, ramus of the mandible
action: rasie/elevate mandible

83
Q

masseter muscle

A

origin: zygomatic arch
insertion: coronoid process of mandible, lateral aspect of ramus of mandible, angle of mandible
action: raise/elevate mandible

84
Q

lateral pterygoid muscle

A

origin: lateral plate of the pterygoid process of sphenoid bone, greater wing of sphenoid bone
insertion: condyloid process of the mandible, articular disc of temporomandibular joint
action: protract mandible, depress mandible

85
Q

medial pterygoid muscle

A

origin: between the medial and lateral plates of the pterygoid process of the spenoid bone, palatine bone, maxilla
insertion: medial aspect of the mandible
action: raise/elevate mandible, move it laterally

86
Q

platysma

A

origin: fascia over the pectoralis major and deltoideus muscles
insertion: lower mandibular region
action: depress lower lip, wrinkle skin of neck and upper chest

87
Q

sternocleidomastoideus

A

origin: manubrium of the sternum, sternal extremity of the clavicle
insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone
action: turn head toward opposite side, flex joints of cervical vertebral column

88
Q

pectoralis major muscle

A

origin: clavicle, sternum, first six ribs, aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle
insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus, greater tubercle of the humerus
action: flex shoulder joint, adduct superior limb at shoulder joint, medially rotate superior limb

89
Q

pectoralis minor muscle

A

origin: ribs 3-5 or near costochondral joints
insertion: coracoid process of the scapula
action: draw scapula anterior and down, elevate ribs

90
Q

serratus anterior muscle

A

origin: central of lateral aspects of the first 8 or 9 ribs
insertion: medial border of the scapula
action: rotate scapula, pull/draw scapula forward, elevate ribs

91
Q

external intercostal muscles muscle

A

origin: inferior border of the ribs
insertion: superior border of the ribs
action: raise/elevate ribs, maintain tension in the intercostal spaces

92
Q

internal intercostal muscles muscle

A

origin: inferior border of the ribs
insertion: superior border of the ribs
action: depress the ribs, maintain tension in the intercostal spaces

93
Q

rectus abdominis muscle

A

origin: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
insertion: xiphoid process of the sternum, costal cartilages 5,6, and 7
action: draw thorax downward (flex joints of vertebral column, compress abdomen

94
Q

external abdominal oblique muscle

A

origin: ribs 5-12
insertion: anterior lamina of the sheath of rectus abdominis muscle, linea alba, anterior half of the iliac crest, inguinal ligament
action: draw thorax downward/flex joints of vertebral column, compress abdomen, rotate verterbal column

95
Q

internal abdominal oblique muscle

A

origin: anterior half of the crest of the ilium, inguinal ligament
insertion: ribs 10-12, sheath of the rectus abdominus muscle, linea alba
action: draw thorax downward (flex joints of vertebral column, compress abdomen, rotate vertebral column

96
Q

transversus abdominis muscle

A

origin: costal cartilages of ribs 7-12, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
insertion: xiphoid process of the stermun, posterior lamina of sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle, linea alba
action: compress abdomen

97
Q

trapezius muscle

A

origin: occipital bone, spinous processes of C7 and thoracic vertebrae
insertion: clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion of the scapula
action: draw head laterally or posteriorly, rotate scapula

98
Q

latissimus dorsi muscle

A

origin: spinous processes of lower 5 or 6 thoracic and lumbar verterbrae, median crest of the bony sacrum
insertion: medial border of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
action: adduct superior limb at shoulder joint, rotate superior limb medially at shoulder joint, extend shoulder joint

99
Q

rhomboideus major muscle

A

origin: spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae 2-5
insertion: medial border of the scapula below level of its spine
action: pull/retract scapula toward vertebral column

100
Q

rhomboideus minor muscle

A

origin: spinous processes of C7 and T1
insertion: medial border of the scapula at the level of its spine
action: pull/draw scapula toward vertebral column and slightly superiorly

101
Q

levator scapulae muscle

A

origin: transverse processes of the first four cervical vertebrae
insertion: superior angle of the scapula
action: raise/elevate scapula

102
Q

spinalis muscle

A

action: extend joints of the vertebral column, lateral flexion of the vertebral joints

103
Q

longissimus muscle

A

action: extend joints of the vertebral column, lateral flexion of the vertebral joints

104
Q

iliocostalis muscle

A

action: extend joints of the vertebral column, lateral flexion of the vertebral joints

Anatomy Lab (3 decks)

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