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SPMA 2P06 > Test 2 (Apr 16) > Flashcards

Test 2 (Apr 16) Flashcards

1
Q

Policy Goals II

What is a key component of CA’s efforts in sport for development?

A

Monitoring and evaluation (M&E)

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2
Q

Policy Goals II

What are 5 conclusions for policy

A
  1. Participant needs
  2. Participant safety and wellbeing
  3. Nature and quality of the sport experience
  4. Sport is not sufficient
  5. Program sustainment
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3
Q

Policy Goals II

What are some obstacles facing SDP initatives?

A

White elephant facilities and images presented by Olympic and pro athletes give little confidence that sport can actually improve the lives of ordinary people, let alone the sick and poor

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4
Q

Policy Goals II

Is SDP a priority for Sport Canada?

A

No, the effort was unsucessful. As a result, all financial support of SDP has been phased out.

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5
Q

Sport Participation

What is the ‘rational recreation movement’? What 2 things was it trying to accomplish?

A

A movement organized in Victorian-era England that promoted physical activity and sport participation among the middle class.
- social control and self improvement

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6
Q

Sport Participation

What was the rational for providing urban spaces for public participation?

A

People should be involved because sport and recreational physical activity are good for them and for society.

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7
Q

Sport Participation

Difference in attention to sport participation and sporting excellence?

A

A lack of formal policy dealing with participation is part reason for low levels of sport participation in CA.
Governments, NSOs, PSOs… have focused their attention and funding on high performance sport.

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8
Q

Sport Participation

Why does the govt focus on high performance sport? And what is the ‘Pyramid’?

A
  • Bc it commands media attention in a way that participation doesn’t, and bc govts claim positive effects from medal winning and national pride.
  • idea that a broad base of participation is necessary in order to discover and develop talented athletes that will be recruited to high performance sport
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9
Q

Sport Participation

What are the 4 main sources of provision for sport participation?

A
  1. Educational system
  2. Clubs
  3. Commercial sector (includes non-profit)
  4. Levels of government
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10
Q

Sport Participation

What 2 major trends have affected sport participation since the 1970s?

A
  1. Sportization - even when young, winning was the goal, if you weren’t good, you weren’t playing, development of policies and governing bodies
  2. De-sportization - everyone participates, everyone has a chance, prioritizes other things than winning, tries to increase participation in populations less likely to achieve is sports, leads to widespread growth of physicial activity and sport
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11
Q

Sport Participation

Commercialization

A

The growth of commercial-sector provision in sport in 1980s. Resulted in growing interest in informal forms of participation, led the govt to provide more to meet that interest.

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12
Q

Sport Participation

Active Living

A

Part of shift in CA sport in 1980s, made a direct connection between participation and population health; became a policy tool

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13
Q

Policy Issues I: Doping

What happened at the 1952 Games?

A

Brought into significance the overt politicization of the Games.
- use of PEDs by American and Russian weightlifeters

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14
Q

Policy Issues I: Doping

1983 Pan Am Games, escalation of PED use and response

A
  • 19 atheltes, 2 Canadians, tested postivie and were ejected, even more left for “personal reasons”
  • scope of steroid use in international sport became clear
  • Arthur Porritt claimed doping is evil, morally wrong, and dangerous
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15
Q

Policy Issues I: Doping

1984, Sport Canada and CAO created doping policies, what were the 3 aims of the policy?

A
  1. Indicate that the use of PEDs/procedures is prohibited by the Olympics
  2. Respect all sanctions imposed by the IOC, and they have the right to impose bigger sanctions for competitions
  3. Athlete’s obligation to follow all doping control protocol, ensure athletes’ due process, and require all personnel to sign declaration
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16
Q

Policy Issues I: Doping

Sport Canada’s Revised Doping Policy

A
  • 1985 issued a revised policy in response to continuing infractions
  • objective is too completely iradicate the use of PEDs
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17
Q

Policy Issues I: Doping

2 anti-doping agencies

A
  1. WADA
  2. Canadian Policy Against Doping in Sport
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18
Q

Policy Issues II: Mega-Events

What is a mega-event?

A

large-scale, planned occurences of limited duration that has major impact on all aspectes of the host region
- considered mega if it has significant and/or permanent urban effects

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19
Q

Policy Issues II: Mega-Events

5 staples in CA’s hosting policy’s history

A
  1. hosting policy was founded on providing opportunities for CA athletes to compete on home ground
  2. applied both national and international sport events hosted in CA
  3. brought from discontent of events held without federal approval
  4. realized fed govt needed to work closer with other levels of govt, govt agencies, and the private sector
  5. most recent change was a 10% increase in the govt’s cap on contributions to international sport events held in CA
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20
Q

Policy Issues II: Mega-Events

In anticipation for the 2008 hosting policy, they identified issues surrounding the hosting of international events: (5)

A
  1. increasing financial pressures on all levels of govt
  2. concerns over the limited financials, sport programming, and facility legacies
  3. imbalance of international events across CA
  4. best interests of sport overlooked by gains in tourism and local economies
  5. inconsitent measures of the economic impact of the events
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21
Q

Policy Issues II: Mega-Events

What 3 things were included in the 2008 hosting policy?

A
  1. proactive and strategic approach to bidding
  2. transparent decision making
  3. targeted investments
22
Q

Policy Issues II: Mega-Events

What is sport legacy?

A

Planned and unintented long and short term usage of facilities, and the development of sport programs/services

23
Q

Mega-events and white-elephants

Canada’s current federal hosting policy

A

effective Jan 1, 2008, works w provinces and territories, provides blueprints to govts to maximize benefits from hosting international sport events

24
Q

Mega-events and white-elephants

4 objectives from CA’s federal hosting policy

A
  1. provide framework for strategies approaches
  2. promote effective decision-making when bidding and hosting
  3. target investments to achieve govt’s hosting interests
  4. manage number of bidding and hosting projects
25
Q

Mega-events and white-elephants

5 results from the CA’s federal hosting policy

A
  1. enhance athlete excellence
  2. increased capacity for high performance sport
  3. enhancement of CA’s role as a leading sport nation
  4. promote social, cultural, and community benefits
  5. promote economic benefits
26
Q

Mega-events and white-elephants

What is financial support dependent on for CA’s federal hosting policy?

A
  1. respect of federal policies
  2. respect of bidding and hosting processes
  3. sound use of federal funds
  4. contribution to sport development
27
Q

Mega-events and white-elephants

Legacy plan for CA’s federal hosting policy, and aspects of Vancouver’s successful plan

A

programming for athletes, coaches, officials, leadership, cummunity development, use of new/improved facilities, transfer of knowledge
1. use of existing facilities
2. continued use of new facilities
3. repurpose of constructed facilities (Olympic village into housing)

28
Q

Policy Issues

What are 4 recommendations for current federal policies and practices to work w other org that have a role in hosting international sport?

A
  1. Evaluations + resources
  2. Amateurism + access - issues of equality, inclusion
  3. Upholding hosting policies - bid groups need to be aware of the policy
  4. Legacy committees - bid committees should need to create legacy committees
29
Q

Stadium negotations + public financing policy

What are 3 key concepts needing to be considered when discussing stadium construction + public financing?

A
  1. What are the costs?
  2. What are the benefits?
  3. What is the legacy?
30
Q

Stadium negotations + public financing policy

Brief history of stadium financing and best way to increase revenues

A

Most stadiums were privately funded until 1923, but has since decreased, and most are funded using public dollars. Growing costs in player fees has left owners looking for ways to increase revenues, one of the most effective ways was is to build new grand stadiums

31
Q

Safe Sport

What is safe sport?

A

the creation of a culture, environment, and system in sport that is free from all abuse, harassment, discrimination, and violence
- aims to ensure all members feel safe and supported to participate without fear

32
Q

Safe Sport

Key term: complainant

A

participant/observer that makes a report of an incident

33
Q

Safe Sport

Key term: disclosure

A

the sharing of info by a participant regarding an incident of maltreatment experienced by that participant. not a formal report

34
Q

Safe Sport

Key term: physical maltreatment

A

pattern or single serious incident of conduct that has potential to be harmful to the physical well-being of the participant, determined by the objective behaviour, not whether the harm was intended

35
Q

Safe Sport

Key term: psychological maltreatment

A

pattern or single serious incident of conduct that has the potential to be harmful to the psychological well-being of the participant, not determined by intent

36
Q

Safe Sport

Key term: respondent

A

a participant who is alleged to have engaged in maltreatment, and therefore has violated the UCCMS

37
Q

Safe Sport

Changes in response to calls for action over the years

A

Old school sport practices bring reactions of denial like “I don’t have to change” since their athletes made the podium, but at what cost? Those behaviours are differently viewed now as it can have neg affects on athlete’s mental health and wellbeing. This also often leads to athletes leaving the sport.

38
Q

Safe Sport

Red Deer Declaration and Quebec

A

To prevent abuse, harassment, and discimination in sport.
Quebec isn’t a signee, they support it but say it’s meaningless

39
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

The ‘Double Helix’

A

model of biological science used to represent the mainstream and Aboriginal sport system. Aboriginal sport connects to, but remains distinct from, the mainstream sport model

40
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

3 benefits of the double helix model

A
  1. Dialogues - facilitates complicated dialogue
  2. Seperate but equal
  3. Movement - conveys movement between both systems
41
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

Sport CA’s policy on Aboriginal peoples’ participation in sport

A
  • the only strategy of its kind in the world
  • work w other govts and sport orgs to tackle the inequities that limit Aboriginal people from gaining access to involvement in sport
42
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

3 Concerns

A
  1. Political concerns - strengthened by the fed govts desire to improve its relationship w Aborignal people
  2. Social concerns - way to counteract the negative behaviours in their communities
  3. Economic concerns - cost to health care
43
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

Consultation

A

Aboriginals voiced their commitment to a holistic approach which contradicted the mainstream, policy makers did not take their consultation results when making policies

44
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

4 key areas where development is needed according to Sport Canada’s policy on Aboriginal Peoples’ participation in sport

A
  1. Enhanced excellence
  2. Enhanced participation
  3. Enhanced capacity
  4. Enhanced interaction
45
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

What was the $12M in funding used for

A
  1. hosting NAIG in Canada
  2. financial support for athletes travelling to NAIG
  3. grants for provincial and territorial sport development programs and capacity building
  4. increased funding for Aboriginal Sport Circle
46
Q

Indigenous Sport Policy

3 current issues and limitations

A
  1. Limited scope - sport policies can’t directly address important issues tied to sport development (obesity, diabetes, suicide, substance use)
  2. Financial allocation - support is only at the national level
  3. No action plan for the policy - makes policy impossible to achieve
47
Q

Commemoration and Condemnation (baseball steroid era)

2 ways to get into the baseball hall of fame and 2 prerequisites

A
  1. Baseball Writer’s Association of America
  2. The Veterans Committee
    - 5 years after retirement and player must have 10 years of playing experience
48
Q

Commemoration and Condemnation (baseball steroid era)

What’s the Mitchell Report

A

Investigation into the use of PEDs in pro baseball, identified over 80 players that used PEDs. Made by former chairman of Disney

49
Q

Commemoration and Condemnation (baseball steroid era)

What were the 4 results of The Mitchell Report?

A
  1. Increased drug testing
  2. Stricter penalties
  3. Public awareness
  4. Changes in culture
50
Q

Commemoration and Condemnation (baseball steroid era)

4 Ethical concerns of PEDs in sports

A
  1. Fairness
  2. Autonomy: right to your own body
  3. Health and safety
  4. Enhancement and authenticity
51
Q

Commemoration and Condemnation (baseball steroid era)

What is Robert Simon’s argument about pro baseball and PEDs?

A

He sees pro sports as a mutual quest for excellence through challenge, that competitors are obliged to do their best so they can bring out the best in their opponents.

SPMA 2P06 (1 decks)

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