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Early Child > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What did Abraham Maslow develop

A

Hierarchy of Needs

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2
Q

What did Erik Erikson develop?

A

The Eight Conflicts of Emotional development

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3
Q

What did Jean Piaget develop?

A

The Four Stages of Cognitive Development

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4
Q

What did Lev Vygotsky develop?

A

The Theory of Cognitive Development which included the Zone of Proximal Development

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5
Q

What did Maria Montessori believe in?

A

Child Centered Learning Environments

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6
Q

What does DAP stand for and consist of

A

Developmentally Appropriate Practice consists of individual, age, and social cultural appropriation

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7
Q

What does prosocial behavior represent

A

Positive attributes to society with acts of kindness

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8
Q

What does Gross motor skills involve?

A

Large muscles such as using arms and legs

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9
Q

What does fine motor skills involve?

A

Small muscles such as fingers, hands and toes

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10
Q

What is Childhood Obesity?

A

A growth epidemic that leads to vairy of health complications later in life

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11
Q

What is a routine?

A

A predictable sequence of step or activities that are performed to complete a task

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12
Q

What is prevention?

A

A strategy that stops challenging behaviors before they begin

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13
Q

What is autism?

A

A group of brain based neurological disorders characterized by social impairments and communication difficulties

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14
Q

What is Down Syndrome?

A

A genetic disorder that results in a number of physical characteristics and intellectual impairments

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15
Q

What does IDEA stand for and consist of?

A

Individual with Disabilities Education Act ensures that children with disabilities ages 3 to 21 get a free public education

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16
Q

What is Heredity?

A

The passing down of genetic characteristics from parents to their children

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17
Q

What does growth refer to?

A

The specific body changes and increases in a child’s size such as height and weight

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18
Q

What is development

A

An increase in complexity, goes from something simple to complicated, it acquires knowledge, behaviors and skills

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19
Q

What is a theory?

A

A set of facts or principles analyzed in relation to one another and used to explain phenomena

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20
Q

What is a phenomena?

A

A fact or behavior that can be observed

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21
Q

What is the Zone of Proximal Development

A

Where you are able to do something on your own

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22
Q

What is dramatic play?

A

Activities where children pretend to

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23
Q

What is Language play?

A

Reading and writing

24
Q

Cognitive Play

A

Solving puzzles, counting, and classifying and sorting

25
Q

What is Exploratory play?

A

Playing with sand/water, planting, and caring for pets

26
Q

What is Musical play?

A

Dancing, singing and playing simple instruments

27
Q

What is Constructive play?

A

Building with blocks, sand, and using tools

28
Q

What is Artistic play?

A

Sculpting with play doh, painting, sewing and drawing

29
Q

What are the 5 levels of Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

A

Physical, Comfort and Safety, Social, Self-Esteem and Self-Actualization

30
Q

What are the 4 stages to Jean Piagets Cognitive Development

A

1) Sensorimotor (0-2)
2) Preoperational (2-7)
3) Concrete-Operational (7-11)
4) Formal Operations (11+)

31
Q

What are the 8 conflicts in Erik Erikson’s Emotional Development?

A

First four:
1) (Infant…Trust vs Mistrust)
2) (Toddler…Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt)
3) (Preschool… Intiative vs Guilt)
4) (Grade School…Industry vs Inferiority)

32
Q

What does Maria Montessori think

A

Children should be able to work independently in a clean, beautiful and organized environment

33
Q

What does Lev Vygotsky believe in

A

Children learn more from a social and cultural interactions

34
Q

What does Erik Erikson think

A

Children learn more from an emotional standpoint

35
Q

What does Jean Piaget think

A

Children learn more from how they think (brain - cognitive)

36
Q

What does Abraham Maslow think

A

Basic needs must be met first to survive

37
Q

What does Temperament describe?

A

Emotional response of a child

38
Q

What is Health Status?

A

One of the largest contributing factors that affect a child’s ability to grow and develop at typical rate

39
Q

What is Physica Development Domain

A

Typical growth patterns changes in height and weight; general health and safety

40
Q

What is Approaches to Learning?

A

Eagerness to learn, includes curiosity, persistence, and creative problem solving

41
Q

What is Social and Emotional Development

A

How children feel about themselves and others

42
Q

Language and Literacy

A

The ability to see, hear, speak, read, write and understand things

43
Q

What is Mathematical Thinking

A

number knowledge, patterns, sizes, and shapes

44
Q

What is scientific inquiry

A

exploring and discovering to learn about the world

45
Q

What is social studies

A

basic social understanding beginning with self and family, then peers and other adults

46
Q

What is Creative Expression through the Arts

A

the ability to express ideas and feelings

47
Q

How much can babies grow in during the first year of life

A

10 inches and triple their birth weight

48
Q

What are the 5 principles of Child Development

A

1) Developmental Sequence is similar for all
2) Development proceeds from general to specific
3) Development is continuous
4) Development proceeds at different rates
5) All areas of development are interrelated

49
Q

What can all your interactions with a child affect

A

The child’s development and learning

50
Q

What are developmental Windows

A

certain periods of time when children are especially receptive to their surroundings, it is tied to brain development and readiness

51
Q

What do babies have developed and functioning at birth

A

the brain stem, spinal cord, and heart

52
Q

What is personality

A

the totality of a person’s attitudes, interests, and behavior patterns

53
Q

What health and wellness factors influence a child’s development

A

nutrition, physical activity and routines

54
Q

What is redirection

A

a strategy that is used to guide children behaviors by recognizing challenging behavior at its earliest stages and stopping it from escalating

55
Q

when do children experience the most rapid growth and development

A

from birth to age 5

56
Q

what are the affects of facial expressions on children

A

It is an important way to communicate and interpret emotions

Early Child (5 decks)

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