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Contemporary Social Probs > Test II > Flashcards

Test II Flashcards

1
Q

Why can it be difficult to assess publics attitude towards claims?

A

people react differently to claims and some are private about their ideas on social issues

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2
Q

why is it important to be able to assess the publics reactions to claims making and campaigns?

A

adapting claims making to audience feedback

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3
Q

What is public opinion influenced by?

A

media, group based experiences (race gender class)

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4
Q

What can public opinion influence?

A

claims, claims makers, politicians

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5
Q

what was the text’s example of media and the publics opinion on social issues?

A

people’s attitudes about crime reflect media attention; more people were concerned about crime even though the data did not match their concerns

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6
Q

how do we usually measure the publics opinion?

A

opinion polls, focus groups, interviews

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7
Q

Key questions to ask when assessing the public through polls

A

how were the questions asked?

How representative is the sample?

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8
Q

How are polls used in the early stages of claims making?

A

poll results offer feedback about the usefulness of claims being made and symbols being used. this offers claims makers opportunities to fine tune their messages and policy makers to frame their claims

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9
Q

describe a focus group

A

researcher gets small group of people conducts guided conversation on particular issue; can influence future opinion polls and influence claims makers claims

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10
Q

what did focus groups on abortion show?

A

those against abortion were also against government interaction in general

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11
Q

Strengths of focus groups

A

more time to share opinions
more nuanced opinions
can pose questions/responses

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12
Q

Limitations of focus groups

A

costly
not representative
all members need to speak
role of researcher becomes crucial

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13
Q

Focus group members draw from which 3 different kinds of information to form opinions?

A

popular wisdom
Internalized media messages
Personal/group based experiences

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14
Q

what makes a focus group the most productive?

A

when it consists of members that combine all 3 kinds of information to form their opinions

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15
Q

Types of informal public opinion

A

folklore
joke cycles
urban legends

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16
Q

folklore

A

information spreads informally among individuals; it reflects claims making and social tensions

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17
Q

joke cycles

A

collections of jokes about a particular topic often bounded in both time and space; based on what is deemed to be relevant

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18
Q

The media does not have to influence our perceptions of events if?

A

we are aware of their biases

19
Q

what constrains the coverage of claims in the media?

A 
budgetary concerns
constant deadlines
newshole
keeping the audiences attention
intended audience
only 2 sides to an issue 
geography
20
Q

How does the newshole influence the coverage of claims?

A

it forces original claims to have to be condensed, more dramatic and less ideological, having to decide what is or isn’t newsworthy

21
Q

What influences audience segmentation?

A

advertisers

22
Q

What claims makers need to know to acquire media attention

A

package claims in ways that help media to do their jobs
give media advanced notice of events
choose interesting/charismatic individuals to represent the movement
make events visually interesting

23
Q

In what ways has media changed over time?

A

growth of cable channels esp 24 hour
audience segmentation
internets unlimited carrying capacity for claims

24
Q

How has the internets unlimited carrying capacity affected the CM process?

A

on one hand, it is wonderful for CM, who can sometimes bypass the media and reach directly out to intended audiences. But the internet is unfiltered, so many claims can make it hard for audiences to sift and sort through claims they encounter

25
Q

How should social problems be packaged in the news?

A

seek out ownership of the issue, sot hat media will call upon them when discussing the issue. Create a package that is familiar, preferably a story. use condensing symbols

26
Q

when bringing a new issue to public attention, what are some constraints the media’s influence?

A

some events require coverage no matter what other events might be on the agenda
powerful claims makers, officials can influence what is covered.
Media has the most influence over issues that the audience thinks about.

27
Q

How can the agenda setting function be influential on the SP process?

A

both general public and policy makers may feel issues which make the media’s agenda worthy of action

28
Q

2 basic ways to change policy

A

bottom up and top down

29
Q

bottom up approach to policy change

A

changes the culture

30
Q

top down approach

A

changes the laws that mold culture

31
Q

which approach is the primary one used to change policy?

A

top down

32
Q

how do sociologists study the influence of policy, specifically top down approach?

A

by examining legislative bodies who make laws, how they are influenced by claims making, and how they are claims makers

33
Q

role of government agencies in policy change

A

they rarely create laws but they do enforce and implement them, giving them significant social power

34
Q

what is a policy domain?

A

a part of a political system that examines the same troubling conditions

35
Q

who makes up policy domain?

A

experts who specialize in the precise condition or more broadly, lobbyists, and specialized reporters

36
Q

Lawmakers role in selecting policy changes

A

they sift and sort through countless troubling conditions, and select those that they believe in and have the best chance of succeeding; they also use public opinion as a measure in selection

37
Q

Kingdon’s Model of Policymaking

A

3 separate but parallel flowing streams:
problem recognition
policy proposal
political

38
Q

problem recognition stream

A

this reflects much of the social problems process; CM point out troubling conditions, get others to be concerned

39
Q

Policy proposal stream

A

l

40
Q

political stream

A

political opportunity; the political culture at any given time, like which party has control of white house, senate, etc. also includes public opinion about politics and politicians

41
Q

When is policy change most likely to occur according to the KMP?

A

when all 3 streams converge

42
Q

how does policy change occur according to KMP?

A

first the policy is more limited, testing the waters; if that is successful, then broader policy proposals often follow which encompass more of the primary CMs vision of change

43
Q

purposes of policy

A

symbolic vs instrumental purposes; supporting symbolic policy persuades at least some that the policy maker is the right side of the debate and supports the right values

Contemporary Social Probs (2 decks)

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