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government > test review for 5/7 > Flashcards

test review for 5/7 Flashcards

1
Q

a written plan which sets up a form of government and establishes its basic governing principles

A

Constitution

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2
Q

what court case established the doctrine of implied powers

A

McCulloch v Maryland

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3
Q

what is the act of one state honoring the civil laws and court decisions of other states

A

full faith and credit

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4
Q

what was the war against the Confederates and the Union

A

Civil War

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5
Q

what is the belief that the states could ignore a law if they deemed it unconstitutional

A

doctrine of nullification

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6
Q

name the 2 types of grants that government gives to states

A
  • block grants
  • categorical grants
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7
Q

what are general purpose grants that allow the states to have more jurisdiction in how to use the funds

A

block grants

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8
Q

what are grants that are for a more specific purpose; give congress more control over the states

A

categorical grants

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9
Q

what is it called when a federal law supersedes or overrides a similar state law

A

preemption

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10
Q

what are monies that the national government gives to state or local governments for some designated purpose

A

federal grants

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11
Q

what is a system of government that divides political power between the national government and the state governments

A

federal system

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12
Q

what are those powers given by the Constitution to both the national and the state governments

A

concurrent powers

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13
Q

what are those powers which are reserved by the Constitution for the states or the people

A

reserved powers

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14
Q

what are rules that govern the use of money given to states through federal grants

A

mandates

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15
Q

what is a system of government in which the central government possesses all the power and rules through the local governments

A

unitary system

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16
Q

what is a system of government in which the central government is subordinate to state governments and has only the powers which they grant it; confederate system

A

confederacy

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17
Q

what is the surrendering of an accused or convicted felon to the state from which he fled

A

extradition

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18
Q

what is the oldest written constitution

A

Massachusetts constitution

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19
Q

what is the power to veto part of a bill without vetoing the entire bill

A

item veto

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20
Q

what position is popularly elected; has charge of keeping a wide variety of state records and documents; he usually administers the election laws and has charge of the official state seal

A

secretary of state

21
Q

what is the only state with unicameral government

A

Nebraska

22
Q

what is the division of powers within the government of a nation

A

federalism

23
Q

in what court case did New York had violated Congress’s expressed power to regulate interstate commerce

A

Gibbons v Ogden

24
Q

which amendment established taxing personal incomes

A

16th Amendment

25
Q

who is elected by the voters; can be compared to that of Vice President; presides over the state senate and serves as acting governor when the governor is out of state; also succeeds to the governorship if a vacancy occurs in that office

A

lieutenant governor

26
Q

what is an executive official who manages and appropriates state funds

A

treasurer

27
Q

what court case opened the door for federal court regulation of state apportionment

A

Baker v Carr

28
Q

what is the bottom of court system

A

justice of the peace courts

29
Q

what is the highest tribunal in the United States

A

Supreme Court

30
Q

what is considered the largest unit of local government

A

county

31
Q

what is the most common type of a county administrative board; it usually consists of 3 oto 7 elected members who usually hold no other public offices

A

board of commissioner

32
Q

what is the oldest and most widely used form of city government

A

mayor-council form

33
Q

what is a tax on the purchase of goods and services. The most important source of revenue among the states today

A

sales tax

34
Q

what is Congress issuing more penalties than incentives to force states to implement federal programs

A

coercive federalism

35
Q

what is the state’s fundamental law

A

state constitution

36
Q

what is one of the most important functions of state government

A

law enforcement

37
Q

what is a unique feature of the unique town government

A

town meetings

38
Q

what are the developed areas outside of a city’s limits

A

suburbs

39
Q

what is the process whereby citizens may enact their own laws or constitutional amendments by placing them on the ballot for acceptance or rejection by the voters

A

initiative

40
Q

what is an election in which the voters of the state approve or reject a proposed amendment or act of legislation

A

referendum

41
Q

what is the process by which voters of a state may remove an official from office by election before his term has expired

A

recall

42
Q

what is a method of voting in which the presiding officer simply calls for “ayes” and “nays” and makes a decision based upon what he hears

A

voice vote

43
Q

what is a direct tax on real property or personal property; the chief source of income for counties

A

property tax

44
Q

what is a legal document granted by the state which outlines a form of government for a city

A

city charter

45
Q

what is the word that Louisiana uses for a county

A

parish

46
Q

what is the city in which a county government has its headquarters

A

county seat

47
Q

what is a major city and the populated area surrounding it, which may include smaller towns

A

metropolitan area

48
Q

who can be compared to the President

A

governor

49
Q

what are the three methods for opposing amendments to a state constitution

A
  • convention proposal
  • legislative proposal
  • initiative proposal

government (13 decks)

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