The Big Three Flashcards
Who were the Big Three?
Woodrow Wilson (USA) David Lloyd George (GB) Georges Clemenceau (France)
What did Clemenceau want from the Treaty?
Make Germany suffer
Prevent threats of future invasion
Cripple German economy
What did Wilson want from the Treaty?
Not a harsh treaty
Didn’t want Germany to want revenge for the treaty
Also, self-determination and international co-operation
What did Lloyd George want from the Treaty?
Wanted a harsh treaty but not harsh enough to make Germany want revenge
Thought that Wilson was too reliant on 14 Points and Clemenceau was too harsh
What is a Diktat?
A treaty that was dictated instead of negotiated
When was the Treaty imposed?
May 1919
What was the War Guilt Clause?
Article 231, Germany had to accept all responsibility for starting the war
What were the German Armed Forces limited to?
Army limited to 100,000 men Banned conscription No Armoured Vehicles No Submarines No Military Aircraft Only 6 Battleships Only 30 smaller ships Demilitarised Rhineland
What was the cost of the reparations on Germany and when was it imposed?
£6.6 Billion and in 1921
How much land did Germany lose in the Treaty?
10%, including the Saar, the Polish Corridor, Alsace-Lorraine and all of their colonies
How did the land loss affect the Germans?
Their pride was damaged
Their industry was damaged
They lost 12.5% of their population
What was the effect of the military reductions?
No protection from invaders, like France invading the Ruhr in 1923
No protection from revolutionists, like the Spartacus in 1919
What were the issues with the League’s membership?
No USA (Isolationism)
Germany was only in from 1926-1933
Italy and Japan left in the 1930s
How did the League’s organisation issues affect it?
Britain and France were in charge and they had been badly damaged in the war
Decisions could be vetoed by any permanent member
The League didn’t have good military power
Effective trade sanctions were impossible as USA wasn’t in the League
