The Function of Circulation

Question 1

Main Functions of the Circulatory System

Answer 1

1. It transports gases (from the respiratory system), nutrient molecules, and waste materials (from the digestive system).
2. It regulates internal temperature and transports chemical substances that are vital to health from one part of the body to the other.
3. It protects against blood loss from injury and against disease-causing microbes or toxic substances introduced into the body.

Question 2

Circulatory System

Answer 2

The system that transports blood, nutrients, and waste around the body.

Question 3

Heart

Answer 3

The muscular organ that pumps blood via the circulatory system to the lungs and body.

Question 4

Blood Vessel

Answer 4

A hollow tube that carries blood to and from body tissues.

Question 5

Blood

Answer 5

The bodily fluid in which blood cells are suspended.

Question 6

Open Circulatory System

Answer 6

A circulatory system in which vessels open into the animal’s body cavity.

Question 7

Closed Circulatory System

Answer 7

A circulatory system in which the circulating blood is contained within vessels and kept separate from the interstitial fluid.

Question 8

Pulmonary Artery

Answer 8

Large blood vessels that carries blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 9

Pulmonary Vein

Answer 9

Blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the heart.

Question 10

Aorta

Answer 10

An artery that carries blood directly from the heart to other arteries.

Question 11

Atrioventricular Valve

Answer 11

A valve in the heart between the ventricle and atrium.

Question 12

Semilunar Valve

Answer 12

A valve between the ventricle and the large arteries; it carries blood away from the heart.

Question 13

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 13

The path that blood follows from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

Question 14

Systemic Circulation

Answer 14

The path that blood follows from the heart to the body and back to the heart.

Question 15

Cardiac Circulation

Answer 15

The movement of blood through the heart tissues.

Question 16

Vasodilation

Answer 16

The widening of the blood vessels.

Question 17

Vasoconstriction

Answer 17

The narrowing of the blood vessels.

Question 18

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

Answer 18

The modified heart cells in the right atrium that spontaneously generate the rhythmic signals that cause the atria to contract.

Question 19

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

Answer 19

The specialized heart cells near the junction of the atria and ventricles that cause the ventricles to contract.

Question 20

Electrocardiogram (EGC)

Answer 20

A record of the electrical impulses generated by a beating heart.

Question 21

Blood Pressure

Answer 21

The force that blood exerts against the walls of blood vessels.

Question 22

Systolic Pressure

Answer 22

The pressure generated in the circulatory system when the ventricles contract and push blood from the heart.

Question 23

Diastolic Pressure

Answer 23

The pressure generated in the circulatory system when the ventricles fill with blood.

Question 24

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 24

A medical device used to measure blood pressure.

Question 25

Cardiac Output

Answer 25

The volume of blood pumped out by the heart in mL/min.

Question 26

Stroke Volume

Answer 26

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart with each heartbeat.

Question 27

Must a substance be dissolved in water for it to diffuse into the cell?

Answer 27

Yes.