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computer science paper 1 > The internet and its uses > Flashcards

The internet and its uses Flashcards

1
Q

How to prevent loss of stored data

A

Backups: if data is lost it can be replaced

Access rights: helps prevent unauthorized acess of data and deleting it

Password/Biometrics/Two factor authentication:
helps prevent unauthorised access and the deletion/corruption of data

Install antivirus/Anti-malware: detects and deletes viruses and malware that could corrupt/delete data

Install firewall: helps prevent hackers gaining access and deleting/corrupting data

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2
Q
  1. Internet def
  2. protocols
  3. uses
A
  1. Worldwide collection of Interconnected Networks and Devices
  2. TCP & IP
  3. Allows user to communicate with other users via chat, email
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3
Q
  1. World Wide Web Def
  2. protocols
A
  1. Collection of webpages and other information on websites
  2. Uses HTTP/HTTPS protocols, that are written using HTML
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4
Q

What is a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A

A TEXT BASED address for a website that is Made up of the protocol, domain name and file name and is Used to locate and access web pages.

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5
Q

Structure of URL

A
  1. protocol (http/s)
  2. domain name (website name)
  3. file name

protocol://domain/file name
e.g https://www.znotes.com/computer-science

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6
Q

what is
HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol

A

A protocol that is used to request and send web pages from a web server

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7
Q

Web Server purpose

A

Stores web pages, it receives requests from clients and returns requested web page

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8
Q

FUNCTION of web browser

A

displaying web pages by rendering HTML

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9
Q

what is a web browser

A

A software

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10
Q

How does web browser retrieve web pages

A
  • URL typed in web browser’s address bar
  • Web browser sends the URL to the DNS using HTTP/S
  • DNS finds a matching IP address for the URL and sends the IP address to the web browser.
  • The web browser sends a request to the web server for its web pages
  • The web pages are sent from the web server to the web browser.
  • The web browser renders HTML to display web pages
  • Security certificates (SSL) are exchanged for encrypted data transmission between web browser and web server
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11
Q

What are cookies

A

Small TEXT files stored by the web browser

it is sent from web server to be stored on the user’s web browser when a user visits its website for the first time

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12
Q

What do cookies store and why

A
  • Cart details
  • Login details
  • Tracking user preferences
  • To tailor adverts to user
  • Progress in online games to

to make user experience easier and better

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13
Q

what are session cookies

  • stored in
  • expiry date
  • stores:
A
  • User’s RAM
  • Deleted when browser is closed
  • user activity in single session; like user preferences and targeted ads
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14
Q

what are persistent cookies

  • stored in
  • expiry date
  • stores:
A
  • Stored on Hard Drive
  • Deleted on expiry date or if user deletes them
  • Remember users login details for automatic fill in (simplify process for user)
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15
Q

The protocol that is used to securely tansmit data for website to browser and how:

A

HTTPS

by encrypting data transmitted

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16
Q

what is HTTPs

A
  • It is a secure protocol
    (hypertext transfer protocol secure)
  • It is a set of rules for data transmission
  • It combines HTTP and SSL/TLS to transmit data
  • It encrypts data for transmission between web browser and web server
17
Q

How to check for HTTPS

A

Look at URL for S in HTTP
Check the digital SSL certificate
Look for a locked padlock

18
Q

What is HyperText Markup Language (HTML)

A

A language used to create a website, example tags are head and body (between <>)

19
Q

How SSL provdes a secure connection (6 market)

A
  • SSL is a security protocol which encrypts any data that is sent.
  • It uses digital certificates which are requested by the user’s web browser
  • that contains the website’s public key
  • that can be used to authenticate the certificate.
  • Once the certificate is authenticated, the transaction will begin
20
Q

secure transmission protocols over the internet

A

Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

21
Q

How SSL provides secure connection (2 marker)

A
  • It encrypts the data
  • based on the authentication of the (SSL) certificate
22
Q

Function of web browser

A
  • Recording user history
  • Storing bookmark/favourites
  • Providing an address bar
  • Allow use of multiple tabs
  • Providing navigation tools
  • Send URL to DNS to find matching IP address
23
Q

Internet Service Provider: (ISP)

A

The company that provides a connection to the internet

24
Q

IP address

A

A unique address given to a computer, by a network, to allow the computer to be uniquely identified on a network

computer science paper 1 (14 decks)

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