The Process Of Evolution Flashcards
Mechanisms of Change: MUTATION
Could cause parents with genes for bright coloration to have offspring with a gene for brown coloration
Mechanisms of Change: MIGRATION
Some individuals from a population of brown beetles might have joined a population of green beetles, making genes for brown beetles frequent in the green beetle population
Mechanisms of Change: GENETIC DRIFT
Chance changes from generation to generation
Mechanisms of Change: NATURAL SELECTION
Green beetles are easier to find for birds & brown was much harder to fine and more likely to survive. So they pass their genes from brown coloration onto their offspring. In the next generation brown beetles are common
What is Evolution?
Is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient ancestors.
Genetic Variation: Mutation
Changes in the DNA
Genetic Variation: Gene Flow
Any movement of genes from one population to another. Important to genetic variation
Genetic Variation: Sex
Can introduce new gene combinations to another
Genetic Variation: Coevolution
Used to describe cases where 2 or more species reciprocally affect each other’s evolution
Ecological Relationships
- Predator/Prey and Parasite/Host
- Competitive Species
- Mutualistic Species
Artificial Selection
Selective Breeding carried out by humans to alter a population
Often used in agriculture
Selected Direction
Experiments where only a selected minority of the current generation can breed. The population will almost always respond. The average in the next gen. will have moved in the selected direction
Sexual Selection
“Special case” of natural selection. It acts on the individuals ability to obtain a mate.
2 ways of sexual selection
Male Competition: compete for access to women
Female Competition: Choose males and control every aspect of mating
