The Second Reich - Foreign Policy Flashcards
When was the triple alliance formed and who did it consist of?
1891 - Germany, Italy and Austria.
When was the Reinsurance Treaty with Russia due for renewal, and why wasn’t it renewed?
1890 - it wasn’t renewed because the Kaiser was anti-Russian and Caprivi felt it clashed with the Austrian alliance.
When was the Franco-russian alliance and how did it come to be?
1894 - because they were both in isolation and wanted protection.
What was the “nightmare coalition” and who coined the phrase?
The alliance of Russia and a western power (in this case France) which could cause a war on two fronts - Bismarck coined it.
The Kruger telegram was sent by the Kaiser to the president of the Boers to congratulate their defeat of the British - but WHEN was it sent?
1896
When was the Navy League formed and who headed it?
1898, headed by Tirpitz.
Britain ended their “splendid isolation” when and how and with what country?
1902, with the Anglo-Japanese Alliance.
What agreement then followed the Anglo-Japanese Alliance and when was it?
The Anglo-French agreement of 1904.
When was the Schlieffen Plan finalised and what did it entail?
1905 - it meant if there was a war on 2 fronts Germany would have to beat France in 6 weeks and then move over to Russia, because it was assumed it would take them 6 weeks to mobilise.
The 1st Moroccan crisis was when the Kaiser visited Morocco and made a speech in support of the Sultan, despite it being French land! When and why did he do this?
1905, because he wanted to make France look silly and therefore destroy Anglo-French relations.
When did Britain release it’s Dreadnought?
1906 - and they weren’t quiet about it!
When was the Entente signed which brought the Allies together and which two countries signed it?
1907 - it was signed by Britain and Russia.
Bülow lost his position because of the Daily Telegraph Affair - what and when was it?
The Kaiser did and interview with a British journalist stating he wanted closer Anglo-German relations. The Reichstag raged at him making such a bold statement - and despite approving the article Bülow sided with them. The Kaiser apologised, and it happened in 1908.
Where was the Crisis and 1908 involving Austria and what happened?
Bosnia - Austria wanted control of the Slavs but they wanted independence (Russia supported them). Austria annexes Bosnia, risking war with Russia but at a conference called by the Allies in 1909 Russia is forced to recognise the annexation because it is weak after the loss against Japan.
There was a second Crisis where in 1911 and why?
Morocco - French send troops into Fez after revolt - violation of agreement at previous Crisis. German gunboat sent there to protect the ONE German citizen who lived there. Germany did this because they wanted the French Congo - Britain disputed this and they only got a strip of the Congo instead.
