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History > The Terror > Flashcards

The Terror Flashcards

1
Q

What is the CGS

A

Investigate acts of counter revolution and arrest suspects

2nd October 1792- once of the committees of gment which conducted the terror

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2
Q

Describe representatives on mission

A

Key agents of provincial terror- 9th March 1793 - first used to ensure 300.000 conscription being obeyed

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3
Q

Revolutionary tribunal?

A

Control the quick but legal punishment

10 March 1793- synonymous with the terror - 24 hours -5 judge

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4
Q

Summary execution decree?

A

Deter Rebels with quick but merciless punishment

19th March 1793- CIVIL WAR ZONES EG VENDEE

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5
Q

Watch committees??

A

Identify and observe suspects

21st March 1793

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6
Q

Codification of laws of emigrees

A

March 1793 emigrees were classed as legally deceased

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7
Q

CPS? Why important and when set up

A

6th April 1793
Heart of the gment and war effort - 12 members elected by convection - firstly moderate then very radical under the rule of Robespierre

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8
Q

Maximum 1

A

4th may 1793

Attempt to fix grain prices

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9
Q

Why was this period known as ‘revolutionary’

A

Government outside the constitution

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10
Q

What we the impacts of war in the areas of

1) VENDEE
2) ECONOMY
3) POLITICS

A

VENDEE- Civil war area - anti jacobin - conscription and the religious laws eg clerical oath were the main reasons for unhappiness - Feb 1793 300,000 men levy- March 11th huge uprising

ECONOMY
hyperinflation due to assignats becoming worthless. Peasants didn’t wanna sell food led to requisitioning by the gment

POLITICS
Brisot and the girondins pushed for war in 1793 which was now going very badly. Brissot was linked to demourier who had been defeated at wattignes and deflected to the enemy - seen as a hindrance on the revolution

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11
Q

Describe the overthrow of the girondins

A

Girondins didn’t see eye to eye with s/c as didn’t want to make concession to them. 26th may 1793 Robespierre sides with sc when the invited the people to place themselves in insurrection again the corrupt-
31st may- over throw of jacobin in Lyon - Paris heard on June 1st
June 2nd 80,000 nat guard surround convention and demand the expulsion of the girondins - and for a maximum- for the first time force used again assembly
To avoid a massacre or siege of power the convention let the sc have 29 girindon

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12
Q

What happened following the over throw of the girindons

A

Charlotte corday assassinated Marat in the bath to try and slow down the revolution - made it worse

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13
Q

What was the federal revolt

A

Resentment of the influence of the jacobin and the commune on the convention
In Lyon 30th may
Marasilles
Toulon

60/83 departments affected

Federal places raised armies but Marasilles = 3500 and Bordeaux- 400 so easily picked off

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14
Q

When was the new CPS formed and why was is significant

A

July - September 1793- montegnard mainly - first strong gment since the assembly of notables in 1787

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15
Q

When did Robespierre join the CPS

A

27th July 1793

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16
Q

What were Robespierres main beliefs

A

VERTU - moral excellence -
‘Terror is nothing other than justice, prompt severe inflexible’
Popular with Sc
Dressed like anciem regieme eg wig
Called the incorruptible
VERTU above all- sent him bff to guilotine - desmoulains

17
Q

Domination of the s/c - ideas?

A

Hatred of aristocrats - bonnet rouge symbol of freed slaves
Direct democracy - sovereignty of the ppl and right to insurrection
Egalitarianism- citizen
Anti clericalism-

18
Q

PARIS- dominance of Sc

A

Administrative units of Parisian local government - certificates of citizenship issued - each section controlled by militants - 68% shopkeepers 8% wage earners

19
Q

CONCESSIONS - dominance of s/c

A

New constitution 24th June 1793 recognising many ideas of the people in the DOROM- eg all adult males can vote A eduction
Maximum 29th March 1793 fixed grain prices 1/3 above 1790 wages 1/2 above. Levee en masse 23rd Aug 1793 - conscription total war

20
Q

The engrages?

A

Mad men- angry at economic conditions at the time - jaques roux leader- uprising on the 5th September 1793 surrounded convention and made them do maximum - journee

21
Q

Armee revolutionarie

A

Led to terror being proclaimed at the order of the day - 5th sept journee
Ensure food supplies to Paris
Investigate acts of cr
Mobilise the nations resources for war

22
Q

Repression from government -

Economy

A

29th sept 1793 maximum after pressure from hoarding laws and sans culottes
Divided the peasant and the sc as peasants didn’t want to sell cheap food and sc didn’t want expensive food -
1794 Feb gment raise the maximum to please peasants sc v angry

23
Q

Political -

A

3/4 deaths in the vendee
Show trails eg brissotons 31st October 16th October Mari
Mass drowning in Nantes by carries on the Loire 2000 killed
Mitralades by collot in Lyon
LAW OF SUSPECTS Sept 1793- suspected counter revs arrested and held w out trail

24
Q

Religious

A

Dechristianisation - not official gment policy - Robespierre disliked a lot - rid France of anciem regieme - ICONOCLASM
5th October 1793 new rev calendar dated from 22nd sept 1792- when republic proclaimed

25
Q

Describe the dictatorship of the CPS and how the came about it

A

End of 1793 government solved most of the problems in France
Popular moment was reduced to only 2 meetings a week
Law of frimaire 4th Dec 1793 put Cps and CGS in full control of France
All rev armies disbanded apart from Paris

26
Q

Why was the success of the CPS ironic

A

It went against many of the principles of the 1789 DOROM which the revolution based upon - eg centralisation was happening

27
Q

Who opposed the government and what happened to them

A

Hebert- 24 th March 1794 guilotined - Pere de cheznu newspaper - popular with the sc

Danton - 5th April - executed - wanted an end to the terror as it had achieved its aims - desmoulins- le vieux cordilier

28
Q

Law of prarial?

A

10 JUNE 1794

After assassination attempts on Robespierre issued - against enemies of Rev
Very vague and inc almost anyone - removed any aspect of fair trail by allowed no evidence to be given and decision made by conscience of the jury

29
Q

Why was Robespierre overthrown

A

Cult of supreme being 7th may 1794
Falling support from sc - terror sickened many - Danton - raising on the maximum wages to 1/2 their value on 23rd July
Tensions in the Gps CGS - police bureau April 1794
Coup of Thermidor - 28th July 1794 Robespierre killed

History (3 decks)

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