The Thyroid Gland Flashcards
What do the thyroid hormones do?
Increase BMR and responsiveness to catecholamines
What is the hypothalamic-pituatry-thyroid axis?
What are the symptoms, investigations and treatment of thyroid cancer?
Symptoms- Neck lump or swelling, no associated symptoms
Investigations - This is investigated by a CT/Biopsy
Treatment - Radioactive Iodine/Surgery
What are the symptoms, causes and treatment of a goitre?
Symptoms - Swelling, dysphagia, dyspnea
Causes - This can be due to hypothyroidism - Increased TSH causing swelling
This can be due to hyperthyroidism - Increased T3/T4 production causing swelling
Also AI - Graves disease and TSI
Treatment - Surgery or Radioactive iodine
What are the symptoms, causes, investigations and treatment of hyperthyroidism?
Symptoms - Increased BMR, hypertension, tachycardia, sweating, weight loss
Causes -Primary - Increased T3/T4 but low TSH. This is a problem in the thyroid
Secondary - Increased T3/T4 and high TSH. This is a problem outside the thyroid having an effect on the thyroid
Investigations - Increased T3/T4 Thyrotoxicosis
Treatment - Surgery, radioactive iodine, CARBIMAZOLE
What are the symptoms, causes, investigations and treatment of hypothyroidism?
Symptoms - Low BMR, weight gain, fatigue, feeling cold, poor memory, sluggish
**Investigations **- Low T3/T4
Causes - Primary - Decreased T3/T4 and high TSH. This is a problem in the thyroid
Secondary - decreased T3/T4 and high TSH. This is a problem outside the thyroid having an effect on the thyroid
Treatment - Thyroxine
Associated with cretinism
What is a medical treatment for hyperthyroid?
Carbimazole
What is the relationship of T3 and T4
T4 is thyroxine which is converted to T3
What autoimmune disease is a goitre associated with?
Graves and increased TSI
Plus hypo
What can cause low growth (development) with no other medical history?
Over use of exogenous thyroxine
What is hashimotos?
Autoimmune hypothyroid
