Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Extensive properties

A

Internal energy, heat cap, enthalpy, entropy, free energy

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2
Q

Intensive properties

A

P, MP, BP, density, viscosity, RI, conc, specific heat capacity

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3
Q

w by sys

A

-ve

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4
Q

Free expansion

A

Pext = 0 or in vacuum

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5
Q

For reversible process, Δu, ΔT =

A

0

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6
Q

Enthalpy ΔH =

A

ΔU + PΔV

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7
Q

q =

A

CΔT

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8
Q

Cp - Cv =

A

R universal gas const

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9
Q

ΔH or q(rev) =

A

TΔS

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10
Q

Solid to liq to gas, entropy

A

increases

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11
Q

2nd law

A

Entropy of universe increase for every spontaneous change

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12
Q

ΔStot > 0

A

spontaneous

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13
Q

Gibb’s free energy

A

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

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14
Q

Tf =

A

9/5Tc + 32

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15
Q

L` =

A

L(1+αΔT)

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16
Q

A`=

A

AβΔT

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17
Q

α:β:γ

A

1:2:3

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18
Q

For pendullum ΔT =

A

1/2TαΔθ

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19
Q

Thermal stress

A

YαΔT

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20
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

Q = mSΔT

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21
Q

Specific heat cap of water =

A

4200 J/kg K

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22
Q

Heat capacity

A

Heat required by any obj by 1*

23
Q

Final temp T =

A

m1S1T1 + m2S2T2/m1S1 + m2S2

24
Q

Latent heat of fusion Lf =

A

Q/m

25
Q

Conduction H =

A

KAΔT/L

26
Q

Thermal resistance R =

A

ΔT/H = L/KA

27
Q

Prevosts theory

A

All objs radiate

28
Q

Absorptive power

A

a = Energy absorbed/Energy incident

29
Q

Emissive power

A

E = Q/At

30
Q

emissivity =

A

Ebody/Eblackbody

31
Q

Kirchoff’s laws

A

Absorbers are good emitters
e = a

32
Q

Stefan-Boltzmann law

A

E = eσT^4

33
Q

Wien’s displacement law

A

λ = b/T
b = 2.88/10^3

34
Q

Newton’s law of cooling

A

Rate of cooling prop (Tbody-Tsurr)
θ1-θ2/T = k[(θ1+θ2)/2 - θsurr]

35
Q

For adiabatic process, PV^γ =

A

const

36
Q

γ =

A

Cp/Cv

37
Q

Efficiency η =

A

W/Q1

38
Q

Kelvin Planck

A

No process is possible whose sole result is absorption of heat & complete conversion of heat to work

39
Q

P =

A

1/3Nm(Vrms)^2/Vol

40
Q

Vrms =

A

√3P/ρ

41
Q

Most probable speed Vmp

A

√2RT/M

42
Q

Vavg =

A

√8RT/πM

43
Q

Translational KE

A

3/2nRT = 3/2PV

44
Q

Degrees of freedom for monoatomic

A

3

45
Q

Degrees of freedom(f) for diatomic

A

5

46
Q

Law of equipartition

A

Energy that ever molecule gets in 1 degree is 1/2k(B)T

47
Q

n mole =

A

n f/2 RT

48
Q

Cv =

A

f/2 R

49
Q

Cp =

A

(f+2)R/2

50
Q

γ for law of equipartition

A

γ = (f+2)f

51
Q

mean free path

A

λ = 1/√2nπd^2

52
Q

relaxation time =

A

λ/V

53
Q

Collision freq =

A

√2nπd^2V