Thermodynamics

Question 1

fundamental principle of analysis

Answer 1

isolate the system. point, line, surface, volume

Question 2

3 disciplines of thermofluids

Answer 2

thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer

Question 3

generator

Answer 3

electricity is generated by a shaft turning (driven by turbine) inside a generator. coils of wire rotating about a magnet produce an electric field.

Question 4

turbine

Answer 4

blades are connected to the rotator shaft. Blades are propelled by the force of steam.

Question 5

boiler

Answer 5

heat from boiler turns water into steam to propell turbine.

Question 6

whats sources can power plant boilers be fueled by?

Answer 6

fossil fuels (coil, oil, gas, nuclear)
renewable fuels (hydro/wave, wind, solar)

Question 7

thermofluids

Answer 7

are of engineering that deals with the transfer of heat, often by a fluid medium, as a means of transferring energy into a useful form.

Question 8

transfer of heat

Answer 8

conduction, convection, radiation

Question 9

thermodynamics

Answer 9

transformation of energy into a useful form

Question 10

joules law

Answer 10

heat produced by current flowing through a resistor.

Question 11

what is a thermometer filled with

Answer 11

mercury, alcohol

Question 12

thermocouple

Answer 12

two wire junction; different composition

Question 13

thermistor

Answer 13

semiconductor

Question 14

optical pryrometer

Answer 14

measures the radiation omitted from a body without contact

Question 15

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 15

energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can be transformed from one form to another.

Question 16

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 16

when two masses at different temperatures are brought into contact, heat is transferred from the hotter mass to the colder mass

Question 17

0th law of thermodynamics

Answer 17

two masses in thermal equilibrium with a third mass are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Question 18

heat

Answer 18

the energy transferred between a system and its environment because of a temperature difference that exists between them.

Question 19

system

Answer 19

a quantity of matter or a region in space chosen for study.

Question 20

isolated system

Answer 20

neithe mass nor energy can cross the systems boundary.

Question 21

open system

Answer 21

mass flows in and out

Question 22

system properties

Answer 22

a characteristic of a system; pressure, temperature, volume, mass

Question 23

intensive

Answer 23

properties are independent of the mass of the system. (PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE, DENSITY)

Question 24

Extensive

Answer 24

properties depend on the size of the system. (volume, mass)

Question 25

how is the state of a simple compressible system determined? (the state postulate)

Answer 25

by two independent, intensive properties

Question 26

independent

Answer 26

one property can be fixed while the others remain constant

Question 27

ideal gas law

Answer 27

PV=nRuT
n, # of moles of gas
Ru, universal gas constant, 8.314 j/mol x k
PV=mRT

Question 28

boltzmanns constant

Answer 28

k= 1.38 x 10^-23J/K

Question 29

Statistical mechanics

Answer 29

calculation of thermodynamics properties from the properties of collections of atoms.

Question 30

how is electricity produced?

Answer 30

heat from boiler turns water into steam, steam is pushed through turbine causing into to spin and a rotator shaft spins around a magnet causing electric field.

Question 31

where does most of ontario power generation come from?

Answer 31

Nuclear 60%, hydro 24%

Question 32

triple point of water

Answer 32

273.16K where ice, liquid water, and steam exist

Question 33

isothermal process

Answer 33

constant temperature

Question 34

isobaric process

Answer 34

constant pressure

Question 35

isochoric process

Answer 35

constant volume

Question 36

adiabatic process

Answer 36

no transfer of heat between system and its surroundings

Question 37

conductor

Answer 37

a material that allows thermal interactions through it.