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Forces & Space > Things I know > Flashcards

Things I know Flashcards

1
Q

What is a force?

A

A push or pull which can have an effect on an object’s speed, direction or shape

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2
Q

What is a Newton meter?

A

Instrument used for measuring forces

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3
Q

What is another name for a Newton meter?

A

A Newton balance

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4
Q

What is a Newton (N)

A

Unit of measurement for forces

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5
Q

What is a fluid?

A

A liquid or gas

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6
Q

What is an exoplanet?

A

A planet outside our own solar system

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7
Q

What is a planet?

A

A large space object is hi how is nut large enough to create its own light

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8
Q

What is a dwarf planet?

A

A large space object, however too small to be classified as a planet

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9
Q

What is an asteroid?

A

Object smaller than a dwarf planet

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10
Q

What is a meteoroid?

A

Object smaller than an asteroid

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11
Q

What is an Astronomical unit (AU)

A

Space is so vast, astronomers use AU for distances inside the solar system

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12
Q

What is the AU from the Earth to the Sun?

A

150 million

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13
Q

What is a light year?

A

The distance light travels in a year, 9.5 million billion

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14
Q

What is a star?

A

A small, red dwarf which can make its own light

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15
Q

What is a comet?

A

Small, icy object which displays bright tails when close to a star

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16
Q

What do bigger and heavier shapes do?

A

They fall slower because the create more drag

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17
Q

What shape is the Earth?

A

The Earth is a sphere

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18
Q

How does a year happen?

A

It orbits around the sun every 365.25 days

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19
Q

How does a leap year happen?

A

The extra 1/4 day

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20
Q

How many degrees is the Earth’s spin axis

A

23 degrees

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21
Q

How does Summer happen

A

The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, meaning days are longer because of more direct sunlight

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22
Q

How does Winter happen

A

Northern Hemisphere tilted away from the Sun, days are shorter because sunlight is coming from an angle

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23
Q

What imaginary line does the Earth spin round

A

Axis

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24
Q

What does the axis run through

A

The North to the South Pole

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25
Q

Why does the sun and other stars seem to move slowly?

A

The Earth is rotating

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26
Q

What does this mean?

A

The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West

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27
Q

When is the Sun at its highest point?

A

At Midday

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28
Q

When are our shadows the longest?

A

In the Morning and the Evening

29
Q

How do the different seasons occur?

A

Caused by the tilt of the Earth on its axis

30
Q

What day is there equal length of day and night

A

March 21

31
Q

Where does the month come from?

A

Moon

32
Q

How are planets attracted towards the sun?

A

By gravity, which is an invisible force

33
Q

Any object that travels this way is called what?

A

A satellite

34
Q

What direction does the Moon travel?

A

Anti-clockwise

35
Q

How long does it take for the Moon to complete an orbit?

A

27.3 days

36
Q

What happens if a satellite is given too much speed?

A

It will escape into space

37
Q

What happens if a satellite has too little speed?

A

It will fall back down to Earth

38
Q

What do the changing appearance of the Moon called?

A

Its phases

39
Q

The complete cycle of 1 new moon to the next takes how many days?

A
  1. 5 days
40
Q

What is the difference between these two times?

A

Because the Earth is also slowly changing position as it orbits the Sun

41
Q

When is there a half moon?

A

At 7 and 21 days

42
Q

When is there a full Moon?

A

At 14 days

43
Q

The Moon has a much tinier what compared to the Earth?

A

Mass

44
Q

What does this mean?

A

The pull of gravity is 6x weaker than the Earth’s

45
Q

The bigger the mass of a planet means…

A

The bigger its gravitational force

46
Q

What are the eight planets?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

47
Q

The Sun is part of a vast system called what?

A

The Milky Way Galaxy

48
Q

What shape is it?

A

It is a spiral disc

49
Q

In light years how thick is it?

A

1,000

50
Q

In Light years how wide is it?

A

100,000

51
Q

How far from the centre are we?

A

20,000,000 light years

52
Q

How many stars does the Galaxy contain?

A

100-400 billion

53
Q

What is the % of exoplanets that the Kepler Space telescope discover

A

60%

54
Q

What years did the Kepler discover these exoplanets?

A

2009-2019

55
Q

What % of the sky did Kepler look at?

A

0.25% to a distance of 3,000 light years

56
Q

Most stars have what

A

A habitable zone

57
Q

Are mass and weight the same thing?

A

No!

58
Q

What is mass measured in?

A

KG

59
Q

Does mass change if an object is moved?

A

Nope

60
Q

How is weight measured?

A

In Newtons

61
Q

Does weight change depending on where an object is?

A

Yes

62
Q

What type of world is PSRB1257+12a?

A

A rocky world

63
Q

What % of the Earth’s mass is PSRB1257+12a

A

2%

64
Q

What fraction is it’s radius?

A

1/3 of Earth’s

65
Q

How many light years is HR2562b away?

A

110

66
Q

How much mass is it of Jupiter

A

30x the mass

67
Q

What % of a larger radius is HR2562b?

A

10%

68
Q

Where is Mars?

A

On the cold outer edge of the Sun’s habitable zone

69
Q

What form of water does Mary’s have?

A

Ice and mud

Forces & Space (8 decks)

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