Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology II Exam 3 > Thyroid > Flashcards

Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

What is required for the formation of thyroid hormones?

A

Iodine (50mg)

  • Absorbed in the gut tract
  • 1/5th removed from circulation by thyroid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the world leading cause of preventable irreversible mental retardation

A

Iodine deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Iodide is transported from the _______ side to the _______ side.

A
  1. Apical
  2. Follicular
    - via a Cl-/I counter transporter (Pendrin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What allows Iodide into the cell?

A

Sodium-Iodide Symporter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What degrades Thyroglobulin into MIT and DIT?

A

Thyroid Peroxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the more Active form of Thyroid hormone? T3 or T4

A

T3 - Triiodothyronine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T4 is aka?

A

Thyroxine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many molecules of thyroxine are contained in Thyroglubulin?

A

30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Most released thyroid hormone in the blood is what?

A

T4

  • Slowly deiodonated to T3
  • requires 5’-Iodinase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lack of Deiodinase enzyme is akin to what?

A

Iodine deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most Thyroid hormones entering the blood are immediately bound to what?

A

Plasma Proteins

  • Produced by the liver
  • Released slowly Into the blood b/c of this
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Thyroid Activation of Target Cells

A
  • Binds NUCLEAR receptors
  • Forms a Heterodimer with RETINOID X
  • Increase of transcription
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: Large dose of Thyroxine would have an Immediate Effect.

A

False

  • Not for several days
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Physiological Fxns of thyroid hormones

A
  1. Inc transcription
  2. Inc cell metabolism (Mitochondria)
  3. Fetal growth
  4. Effects on bodily mechanisms
    - Fat and Carb metabolism
    - Body Weight
  5. Effects on Heart, GI motility, CNS and Muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

For Thyroid hormones, the Hypothalamus releases _____ and the Pituitary releases ______.

A
  1. TRH (Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone)

2. TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most common form of Hyperthyroidism

A

Graves Disease

17
Q

Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism

A
  • High Excitability
  • Intolerance to heat (Sweating)
  • Weight loss
  • Muscle weakness (Fatigue)
  • Inability to SLEEP
  • Hand Tremors
18
Q

Diagnostic test for Hyper/Hypothyroidism

A
  • Measure for free T4
  • TSH
  • TSI (Ab)
  • RIA
19
Q

Most common form of Hypothyroidism

A

Hashimoto’s disease

20
Q

Cause of Hypothyroidism

A

Destroyed with Fibrosis

  • Reduction in Hormone
  • Formation of Goiter
21
Q

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

A
  • Generally opposite to Hyperthyroidism
  • Myxedema
  • Atherosclerosis
22
Q

Forms of Thyroid cancer

A
  • Papillary
  • Follicular
  • Medullary
  • Anaplastic Carcinoma
23
Q

Some examples of Endocrine disruptors

A
  1. Pesticides
  2. Bisphenol A (BPA)
  3. Phthalate (DEHP)
  4. Phytoestrogens
24
Q

Health effects from exposure to endocrine disruptors

A
  • Reproductive

- Developmental

Physiology II Exam 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions