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Gcse Biology > Topic 1 Key Concepts > Flashcards

Topic 1 Key Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Organisms can be prokaryotes or ______

A

Eukaryotes

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2
Q

How many cells does a prokaryote have?

A

One because it is a single celled organism

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3
Q

What is the role of the nucleus

A

Contains genetic material that controls cells activities.

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4
Q

What is the role of the cytoplasm

A

A gel like substance where most chemical reactions happen. It also contains enzymes that control the reactions.

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5
Q

What is the role of the cell membrane

A

Holds the cell together and controls what enters and leaves the cell.

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6
Q

What is the role of the mitochondria

A

This is where most of the aerobic respiration reactions take place.

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7
Q

What does respiration do?

A

Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.

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8
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

Ribosomes are involved in translation of genetic material in the synthesis of proteins.

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9
Q

Do bacteria cells have a nucleus ?

A

No

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10
Q

What do multicellular organism contain

A

Different types of cells

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11
Q

What are the names of things of an microscope

A

Objective lens
Clip
Stage
Light
Eyepiece lens
Small and large adjustment knob

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12
Q

What is the equation for total magnification

A

Total magnification = eyepiece lens magnification x. Objective lens magnification

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13
Q

What is the equation for magnification

A

Magnification = image size / real size

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14
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Controls what enters and leaves the cell and separates one cell from another

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15
Q

What is the cytoplasm

A

The cytoplasm is a jelly like substance where most of the cells activities occur

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16
Q

What is are mitochondrion’s

A

Jelly bean shaped structures in which aerobic respiration occurs

17
Q

What does the cytoplasm contain and what are they ?

A

Ribosomes which make new proteins for a cell

18
Q

What is the nucleus and what is inside it ?

A

The nucleus controls the cell and it’s activities. Inside it are chromosomes, which contain DNA.

19
Q

What is the plasmid

A

A small loop of DNA that is separate from the main genetic information

20
Q

What is role of the large circular loop of DNA

A

Contains mist if the genetic material in a bacterium

21
Q

What is in the chloroplast

A

Chlorophyll that absorbs light for photosynthesis

22
Q

What does the large vacuole store ?

A

Water and minerals

23
Q

What is the role of the flagellum

A

To help bacteria move

24
Q

What structure is found in animals cells from this list:
Flagellum, cell wall , Cytoplasm and chloroplast

A

Cytoplasm

25
Q

How is plant cell different from a bacterial cell

A

A plant cell has a nucleus

26
Q

Which cell structures are found in plant, animal and bacterial cells ?

A

Cell membrane , cytoplasm and ribosomes

27
Q

Egg cells and sperm cells

What some characteristics that only egg cells have?

A

Large nutrient store
Cell membrane that hardens after fertilisation

28
Q

Egg cells and sperm cells

What some characteristics that only sperm cells have

A

Tail
Acrosome which contains enzymes
Large number of mitochondria

29
Q

What some characteristics that both egg and sperm cells have

A

Haploid nucleus
Cytoplasm

30
Q

True or false
The sperm celll has a haploid nucleus contains one set of genetic material

A

True

31
Q

How many chromosomes are in a single human sperm cell

A

23

32
Q

Why is the egg so much larger that the sperm cell

A

The egg cell caries a large nutrient store

Gcse Biology (4 decks)

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