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Geography > Topic 2 - Development Dynamics > Flashcards

Topic 2 - Development Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Development

A

Progress of a country economically, socially and politically

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2
Q

Developing countries

A

Malawi
Haiti
Niger

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3
Q

Emerging countries

A

Brazil
India
China
Mexico

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4
Q

Developed

A

Italy
UK
USA
Japan

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5
Q

Population Pyramids

A

Show a country’s population grouped into ages and gender

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6
Q

Rostows Modernisation Theory

A

1) The Traditional Society
2) Pre-Conditions for Take Off
3) Take Off
4) The Drive To Maturity
5) High Mass Consumption

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7
Q

Franks Dependency Theory

A

Core - Developed countries
Periphery - Developing countries
Semi-periphery - Emerging countries

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8
Q

Primary Jobs

A

Extract or use the earths natural resources
E.g. agriculture, fishing, forest

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9
Q

Secondary Jobs

A

Take the raw materials and process them into manufactured goods which therefore adds value to them.
E.g. steel making, oil refining

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10
Q

High-tech Secondary Industries

A

Use advanced tech in manufacturing

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11
Q

Tertiary Jobs

A

The service sector - to provide a service
E.g. retail, education/health services, and selling skills

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12
Q

Quatenary (Knowledge Intensive Services)

A

Provide info services
E.g. computing, ICT, consultancy and R&D (research, particularly scientific)

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13
Q

TNCs

A

Transnational Corporations - a global company that does business in several countries

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14
Q

FDI

A

Foreign Direct Investment - an investment made by a firm or individual or individual in one country, into business in another country

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15
Q

Globalisation

A

The widening and deepening of relations between countries due to the development of technology such as the invention of internet. It allows the flow of trade, information, money and people to be done on a wider scale

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16
Q

Factors of development

A

-Aid
-Debt relief
-NGO-led e.g. Charities/Fairtrade
-Remittances
-Intermediate Technology

17
Q

GDP - Gross Domestic Product

A

The total value of goods and services a country produces in a year - US$

18
Q

GDP per Capita

A

The GDP divided by the population of a country

19
Q

GNI - Gross National Income

A

Total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year, including income from overseas.
GNI per capita is GNI divided by population

20
Q

Birth rate

A

Number of live babies born per 1000 of the population per year

21
Q

Death rate

A

Number of deaths per 1000 of the population per year

22
Q

Fertility rate

A

Average number of births per women

23
Q

Infant Mortality Rate

A

Number of babies who die under 1 year old, per 1000 babies born

24
Q

Maternal Mortality Rate

A

Number of women who die due to pregnancy related problems per 100,000 live births

25
Q

Doctors per 1000 of population

A

Number of working doctors per 1000 of the population

26
Q

Gini Coefficient

A

A measure of economic inequality. It’s a score between 0(equal) and 1(total inequality)

27
Q

Gender inequality index

A

Number that’s calculated using data e.g. women’s education, access to jobs, political rights and health during pregnancy. The higher the number the higher the inequality

28
Q

HDI - Human Development Index

A

Number calculated using life expectancy, education level (avg number of years schooling) and income per head. HDI is a value between 0 (least developed) and 1(most developed)

29
Q

CPI - Corruption Perceptions Index

A

A measure of the level of corruption that is believed to exist in the public sector on a scale of 1 - 100. The lower the score the higher the corruption

30
Q

Colonialism

A

The act of taking control of an area or a country that is not your own, especially using force and sending people from your own country to live there

31
Q

Demographics/Demographic Data

A

Statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it

32
Q

Global Inequality

A

The unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and power that shape well being among the 8 billion individuals on our planet

Geography (6 decks)

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