Topic 2: Nutritional and Dietary needs of different groups of people Flashcards
Explain why it is important for teenagers to eat a healthy and balanced diet
As body growth is rapid, so they require a lot of energy from food, puberty is also the time when bones stop growing , and without sufficient calcium and phosphorus in the diet this will lead to weakening of bones causing osteoporosis and rickets later in life.
What does a Vitamin C deficiency cause?
scurvy, poor wound healing, bleeding gums
Vitamin D deficiencies
rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults
Explain why breakfast is important meal for everyone
As everyone needs energy from food, and breakfast provides this energy, it also stops the blood glucose levels becoming too low which it would be if one skipped breakfast.
List four nutrients that are important during pregnancy
Protein, calcium, folic acid, iron
Why do pregnant women need iron in their diet
As iron is needed for the babies blood supply, as there is no iron found in milk, so it is needed on the babies liver as a store of iron. If the mother doesn’t get enough iron then she may get anaemia.
Why do pregnant women need protein in their diet
As their babies are growing, and protein is needed for growth, repair and development.
Why do pregnant women need folic acid supplements in their diet
To reduce the risk of spina bifida in the baby
Why do pregnancy women need calcium in their diet
Calcium is needed for the babies bone and tooth development, if the mother doesn’t have sufficient calcium in her diet for the babies needs, it will be taken from the mothers bones and teeth
What does a toddlers diet need to have a high proportion of
Complex carbohydrates- found in foods such as whole grains, vegetables and peas
What mineral is important for girls
Iron as iron is lost during menstruation
What is coeliac disease?
An intolerance to gluten found in wheat, barley, oats and rye
What is an anaphylactic reaction?
It is a life threatening immediate allergic reaction that causes respiratory distress, severe bronchospasm, and cardiovascular collapse. Treat with epinephrine( epipen)
lactose intolerance is
The inability to completely digest the milk sugar lactose
Nutrients are divided into two types which are
Macronutrients - fats, carbohydrates and proteinsMicronutrients - vitamins and minerals
