Topic 3

Question 1

Define:

Condensation reaction

Answer 1

Two organic molecules combine to form a larger molecule

Question 2

Describe and express:

Aldehyde oxidation in acidic or basic conditions

Answer 2

Acidic- The Aldehyde will form a carboxylic acid (COOH)
RCHO + H20 = RCOOH + 2H + 2e-

Basic- The aldehyde will form a carboxilate salt (COO-)
RCHO + 3OH = RCOO + 2H2O + 2e-

Question 3

Describe:

Reaction of acidified dichromate

Answer 3

Is able to oxidise primary & secondary alcohols.

May oxidise aldehyde into carboxylic acid, changing the colour from orange to green.

Question 4

Describe:

Reactions of tollens reagent

Answer 4

Is able to distinguish between keytones and aldehydes.

Oxidises aldehydes into carboxylic acids, also forming elemental silver.

Question 5

Express:

Reaction of carboxylic acid with base:

COOH+NaOH

Answer 5

The carboxilate salt and water is formed

COOH + NaOH = COO Na + H2O