Topic 3: Agencies of Dev (States) Flashcards
What are nation states?
Nation states are countries but not just governments: they include civil service, legal system, military, and the police.
Name some important examples for the course
Ghana
Niger
Hong Kong
What do dependency theorist believe about the role of states in development?
They favour state-led development: central state planning.
What are some issues with state-led development?
- It hasn’t worked: even commie countries have embraced capitalism.
- States are governed by the elite - class revolution is needed.
- It can lead to disaster - Chairman Mao’s great leap forward is the largest famine in history.
How do neoliberals see the role of the state?
They want very little state intervention in the economy.
The free market will generate development - TNCs and private enterprise are more efficient and generate more wealth.
What are some positive evaluations of the neoliberal viewpoint?
There has been a rise in living standards.
There has been strong growth rates over the last 40 years.
Since 1990: 1.2 billion lifted out of poverty.
What are issues with free market led development?
- It widens the inequality gap between rich and poor.
- TNCs cause much environmental degradation in pursuit of greater wealth - fact economic growth isn’t sustainable.
- The growth of neoliberalism has led to a rise in riskier financial schemes - 2008 financial crash.
Do modernisation theorists believe in state intervention?
They believe that the state has a role to play in development but that there needs to be a strong position for private enterprise.
What is a development state?
Adrian Leftwick (1995):
State focusses on dev goals and works closely with the private sector.
Are often authoritarian.
Seen in the Asian Tigers’ development.
What is a predatory state?
A state that takes advantage and exploits its own people.
Example of predatory states:
Mubutu in Zaire (DRC) committed a genocide of 10 million and embezzled money.
Mugabe used aid money on himself.
