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Anatomy > Topic 4c axial skeloton > Flashcards

Topic 4c axial skeloton Flashcards

1
Q

What do the axial skeletons do?

A

They protect and support the organs, and provides sites for muscle attachment.

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2
Q

What are the two types of bones in the skull?

A

There are cranial bones and facial bones

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3
Q

What are cranial bones?

A

They are 8 bones in the skull that make contact with the brain in order to protect it.

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4
Q

What are facial bones?

A

Facial bones are the 14 bones in the skull that don’t have contact with the brain.

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5
Q

What are the 8 cranial bones?

A

There is the parietal left and right, temporal left and right, occipital, frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid

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6
Q

What are the sutures of the cranial bones?

A

They are immovable interlocking joints between the cranial bones.

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7
Q

What are the names of the cranial sutures and where are they found?

A

There is the coronal found between the frontal and parietal, the squamous between the temporal and parietal, the sagittal which is between runs vertically so between the parietal bones, and lambdoid which is between the parietal and occipital bone

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8
Q

Which bone is in contact with all sutures?

A

The parietal bones

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9
Q

What is the supraorbital foramen?

A

It is an opening above the eye that allows passage for nerves and vessels

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10
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

It is basically a large hole at the bottom of the skull that allows for the passage of the spinal cord

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11
Q

What are the occipital condyles?

A

It is the part of the head that articulates with the vertebrae

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12
Q

What is the styloid process?

A

It is a bone where the larynx and tongue attach

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13
Q

What is the mandibular fossa

A

It is a depression along the zygomatic process towards the ear that articulates with the mandible (jaw)

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14
Q

What is the external acoustic meatus?

A

It is the opening to the auditory canal

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15
Q

What is the sphenoid bone?

A

It is the cranial bone that holds all of the cranial bones together. It has the sella turcica which is a chamber for the pituitary gland and it forms the sphenoidal sinus

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16
Q

What is the ethmoid

A

The ethmoid articulates with more of the facial bones it

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17
Q

WHat is the crista gali

A

It helps support and attach the brain

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18
Q

What is the perpendicular plate

A

The perpendicular plate i

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19
Q

What are the structures in the ethmoid bone

A

There is the crista Gali, perpendicular plate, and ethmoidal sinuses

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20
Q

What are the functions of facial bones and how many of them are there

A

They form part of the orbital and nasal cavities that support the teeth and are a site for muscle attachment and there are 14 of them

21
Q

Which of the facial bones are unpaired

A

The vomer and the mandible

22
Q

What are the paired facial bones

A

The zygomatic bone, nasal bone, lacrimal bones, maxilla, palatine bones, inferior nasal conchae

23
Q

What is the mandible

A

It is an unpaired facial bone that has a body and the ramus

24
Q

What are the features of the mandible

A

It has the condylar process, the coronoid process, and the alveolar process

25
Q

What is the maxilla

A

It is 2 paired bone that is not paired during development

26
Q

What are the features inside the maxilla

A

There is the alveolar process and the palatine process and the maxillary sinus which is the largest sinus

27
Q

What is the zygomatic bone

A

It is known as the cheekbone and is paired.

28
Q

What are the features in the zygomatic bone

A

The zygomatic bone has the maxillary process the frontal process, and the temporal process

29
Q

What is the vomer

A

The vomer is a non paired triangular bone and forms the inferior part of the nasal septum

30
Q

What are the palatine bones

A

They are paired L-shaped bones. There is the horizontal plates and the vertical perpendicular that forms the nasal cavity

31
Q

What is the lacrimal bone

A

It is a paired anterior bone in the orbital region and it has a groove

32
Q

What is the inferior nasal conchae

A

It is a paired bone that allows air to travel longer before it can get into the body so that the air can be filtered longer, and be warmed before reaching the body

33
Q

What are the 4 paired sinuses

A

There is the maxillary (largest) sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal

34
Q

What are sinuses

A

They are air-filled spaces in the skull bones around the nasal cavity that help with

35
Q

What is the hyoid bone

A

The only bone in the body that doesn’t attach to any bone. It is located between the mandible and the larynx

36
Q

What are the five major regions of the vertebral column

A

There is the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx

37
Q

What are the features of the ethmoid bone and what do they do

A

It has the crista Galli which helps the brain attach in place, the perpendicular plate which forms the inner part of the nose and the ethmoidal air cells which

38
Q

What bones contribute to the hard palate

A

The maxilla, and the palatine bone

39
Q

What are the basic features of the disc

A

There is the vertebral arch, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process,

40
Q

What are the characteristics of C1 vertebrae

A

It is known as the atlas vertebrae and has nobody or spinous process, it articulates with the occipital condyles

41
Q

What are the characteristics of the C2 vertebrae

A

It is known as the axis and has a structure where the body should be known as the dens

42
Q

What are the cervical bones

A

Cervical bones are the superior most vertebral bones and are usually small and slender

43
Q

What are the thoracic bones

A

They are bones

44
Q

What is the sacrum

A

The sacrum is a collection of 5 fused vertebrae

45
Q

What is the coccyx

A

It is the fusion of four small vertebrae and is an attachment site for ligaments and muscles

46
Q

What is the thoracic cage

A

It is a frame consisting of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and costal cartilage

47
Q

What is the sternum made out of

A

It is made up of the manubrium (sternum), the body, and the xiphoid process which is a piece of cartilage

48
Q

What are the true ribs

A

The true ribs are the first 7 ribs that connect from the vertebrae to the sternum

Anatomy (11 decks)

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