Topic 5 - the Catholic threat

Question 1

Why was Elizabeth initially accepting of English Catholics?

Answer 1

Foreign threat, opposition from the House of Lords about Protestant parts of the religious settlement, fear of rebellion from nobles and the realisation that most of the population was still Catholic

Question 2

Why did Elizabeth adopt a firmer approach towards reluctant Catholics?

Answer 2

Multiple Catholic plots against her, the arrival of seminary and Jesuit priests and the issue of the Papal Bull

Question 3

What did the Papal Bull do?

Answer 3

Freed Catholics of any loyalty to Elizabeth and called for them to help remove her from the throne

Question 4

What was a recusant?

Answer 4

Someone who rebelled against the Religious Settlement

Question 5

How did Elizabeth try and deal with recusants?

Answer 5

An increased recusancy fine and making it a treasonable offence to try and convert someone to Catholicism

Question 6

What were seminary priests?

Answer 6

Trained Catholic priests sent to England to try and restore Catholicism; 438 were sent and 98 were sentenced to death

Question 7

What were Jesuits?

Answer 7

Members of ‘The Society of Jesus’, with the aim to destroy heresy

Question 8

When did Jesuits arrive in England?

Answer 8

1580

Question 9

What year was the act passed that confined Catholics to within 5 miles of their homes?

Answer 9

1593

Question 10

Who was Edmund Campion?

Answer 10

A Jesuit priest who was sent to England, before being found guilty of treason and executed

Question 11

When did Mary, Queen of Scots, arrive in England?

Answer 11

1568

Question 12

Who did Mary, Queen of Scots, marry?

Answer 12

King Francis II

Question 13

When did Mary return to Scotland?

Answer 13

1561

Question 14

How was Scotland different when Mary returned?

Answer 14

It had become mainly Protestant after the rebellion of Protestant lords

Question 15

Why was Mary, Queen of Scots, forced to abdicate?

Answer 15

After the suspected murder of her husband, she was imprisoned at Loch Leven Castle

Question 16

When did Mary abdicate?

Answer 16

July 1567

Question 17

When was the rebellion of the Northern Earls?

Answer 17

1569

Question 18

Who led the rebellion of the Northern Earls?

Answer 18

Charles Neville and Thomas Percy

Question 19

What happened during the rebellion of the Northern Earls?

Answer 19

In November 1569, 4600 men marched into Durham, held a Catholic Mass in the cathedral, tore up the English Prayer Book and Bible, before hearing of an army and retreating north

Question 20

Why did the rebellion of the Northern Earls fail?

Answer 20

Lack of foreign support, poor planning and leadership and Elizabeth’s popularity

Question 21

What happened in the aftermath of the rebellion of the Northern Earls

Answer 21

Thomas Percy was caught and killed in York, and many rebels were killed to reimpose royal authority

Question 22

When was Elizabeth excommunicated from the Catholic Church?

Answer 22

February 1570

Question 23

Which Pope excommunicated Elizabeth?

Answer 23

Pope Pius V

Question 24

What did the Papal Bull give Catholics permission to do?

Answer 24

It gave Catholics permission to plot against the queen and plan her removal from office

Question 25

How did Parliament respond to the Papal Bull?

Answer 25

A new Treason Act of 1571 made it treasonable to declare Elizabeth as not the lawful queen, to introduce or publish any Papal Bull and allowed for the confiscation of Catholic propery if they fled abroad and didn’t return within 12 months

Question 26

What did the Council of the North do?

Answer 26

An organisation to reduce the power of the earls

Question 27

When was the Ridolfi plot?

Answer 27

1571

Question 28

Who discovered the Ridolfi plot?

Answer 28

William Cecil and Sir Francis Walshingham

Question 29

Who organised the Ridolfi plot?

Answer 29

Roberto Ridolfi

Question 30

What was set to happen in the Ridolfi Plot?

Answer 30

A Spanish army would land and help English Catholics overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary queen, who would marry the Duke of Norfolk and make England Catholic again

Question 31

How were conspirators punished after the Ridolfi Plot was discovered?

Answer 31

Norfolk was killed, Ridolfi and the Spanish ambassador, De Spes, were expelled from the country

Question 32

When was the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 32

1583-1584

Question 33

Who organised the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 33

Francis Throckmorton

Question 34

Who backed the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 34

French Catholic forces, as well as Spanish and papal money

Question 35

What happened in the aftermath of the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 35

Throckmorton was tortured and killed, and Mary was moved to Tutbury castle in Staffordshire; she was banned from receiveing any visitors

Question 36

Who tried to murder Elizabeth?

Answer 36

John Somerville in 1583

Question 37

When was war declared between England and Spain?

Answer 37

1585

Question 38

When was the Babington plot discovered?

Answer 38

1586 by Walshingham

Question 39

Who planned the Babington plot?

Answer 39

Anthony Babington, a young Catholic nobleman

Question 40

Howwas Mary linked to the Babington plot?

Answer 40

Hidden letters between her and Babington were found in beer barrels by Walshingham’s agents

Question 41

When was Babington killed?

Answer 41

September 1586

Question 42

When was the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots?

Answer 42

October 1586

Question 43

What was Mary’s sentence?

Answer 43

Death

Question 44

When did Elizabeth sign Mary’s death warrant?

Answer 44

February 1st, 1587