Topic 8(Chemical Analysis) Flashcards
What is purity
A pure substance is something that only contains one compound or element
How does the boiling point or melting point tell you how pure a substance is
A pure substance will melt or boil at a specific temperature
You can test the purity of a sample by melting or boiling it and comparing the MP or BP to the MP or BP of a pure substance
What is a formulation
A useful mixture with a precise purpose, it is a mixture with measured quantities that contribute to a specific function
How do you test for chlorine
Chlorine bleaches damp litmus paper turning it white.
How do you test for oxygen
Put a glowing splint inside test tube if oxygen is present splint will relight
How do you test for carbon dioxide
Shaking limewater will cause limewater to turn cloudy if carbon dioxide is present
How do you test for hydrogen
Squeaky pop test
How do you test for carbonates
Adding dilute acid to a test tube containing your mystery substance. Connect test tube to a test tube containing lime water, the reaction between carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid will give off carbon dioxide turning lime water cloudy
How do you test for sulfates
Add dilute hydrochloric acid followed by a couple of drops of barium chloride solution to a test tube containing your mystery solution. If sulfate ions are present, a white precipitate of barium sulfate forms
How do you test for halides
Add nitric acid and silver nitrate to your mystery solution
If:
Chlorine is present white precipitate forms
Bromine is present gives cream precipitate
Iodine is present gives yellow precipitate
Flame tests identify metal ions, what colour flame shows for each metal
Lithium- Crimson
Sodium- Yellow
Potassium- Lilac
Calcium- Orange
Copper- Green
