Topic 8.1.(1-3) - Human Systems and Resource Use Flashcards
Crude birth rate (CBR)
The number of people born per capita per year. It is calculated via: (number of births/total population) x 1000
Total fertility rate (TFR)
The number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime.
Critical value for TFR?
is 2.2; which is known as the replacement rate, which means that a population will not increase or decrease.
Name 6 factors that affect birth and fertility rates?
Role of children in the labour force: Rates of urban living; Women’s societal standing; Cultural norms; Family planning and abortions; Government policy;
Role of children in the labour force or education on birth and fertility rates?
Children being viewed as economic assets in LEDCs will increase the total fertility rate and increase birth rate. Whereas in countries where kids in MEDCs are viewed as economic burdens, decreasing total fertility rate.
Rates of urban living on birth and fertility rates?
Those who live in more urban areas typically are more proximal to
What effects does income have on death rates?
Income aids people obtain better conditions of life, such as heating which can prevent illness, as well as generally afford better healthcare. But, there is a certain extent where this stops.
How does the status of women affect birth and fertility rates?
In countries where women’s socioeconomic status is low, they tend to not have autonomy when deciding if they want to bear children, work or have an education. Hence, making them housewives. Increasing the fertility rate.
How do lifestyle choices and cultural norms affect birth and fertility rates?
Norms of getting married young and having large families are changing as more people are becoming focused on their profession and material items.
How do government policies affect birth and fertility rates?
Pro-natalist and anti-natalist policies encourage or discourage people to have children. Economic sanctions or incentives can change the fertility rate.
What is the doubling time for a population? (formula)
DT = 70/NIR
How does literacy/education affect death rates?
Learning how to care for children will decrease infant mortalities. Also, healthy ways of living – such as eating or drinking – will decrease death rates.
How does the availability to healthcare affect death rate?
Having less chances to obtain professional medical aid will increase the amounts of deaths to minor injuries, such as minor infections and the common cold.
