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BIO 10 > TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION > Flashcards

TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION Flashcards

0
Q

Initial and primary source of energy found in living organisms

A

Carbohydrates

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1
Q

What are the 4 major biomolecules?

A

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acid

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2
Q

Provide greatest amount of energy (fat deposits) and provides insulation

A

Lipids

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3
Q

Acts as an enzyme isn’t limited to one function

A

Proteins

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4
Q

Store information (DNA and RNA)

A

Nucleic acid

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5
Q

They determine the phenotype

A

Proteins

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6
Q

Makes another copy of DNA for RNA synthesis and occurs in the nucleus

A

Transcription

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7
Q

Responsible for unwinding DNA

A

RNA polymerase

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8
Q

Only one strand will be used as template for RNA

A

Template strand

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9
Q

3 types of RNA

A

Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
Ribosomal RNA

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10
Q

Result of transcription

A

mRNA

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11
Q

Interpreter during transcription and brings amino acids to ribosomes

A

tRNA

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12
Q

Sub unit of protein

A

Amino acid

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13
Q

Main component of ribosomes

A

rRNA

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14
Q

Triplet of nucleotide in mRNA

A

codon

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15
Q

Start codon

A

AUG

16
Q

Stop codon

A

UAA UAG UGA

17
Q

Genetic code and its properties

A 
Linear form
Triplet
Unambiguous
Degenerate
Has start and stop signals
Commaless
Non-overlapping
Nearly universal
18
Q

Nucleotides cannot be skipped

A

Linear form

19
Q

Each codon contains three letters

A

Triplet

20
Q

One codon cant specify for more than one amino acid

A

Unambiguous

21
Q

One amino acid for more than one codon

A

Degenerate

22
Q

Doesn’t pause until a stop codon is encountered

A

Commaless

23
Q

Nucleotide cannot be a part of another codon

A

Non-overlapping

24
Q

Applies to bacteria and other living organisms

A

Nearly universal

25
Q

Types of mutation

A

Substitution
Deletion
Insertion

26
Q

Altered proteins

A

Mutated genes

27
Q

Functions of proteins

A 
Enzymes
Provide structure
Storage molecules
As antigens
Respiratory pigment
As hormones
28
Q

Leads to the production or synthesis of proteins

A

Translation

BIO 10 (4 decks)

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