transition metals(p1)

Question 1

define transition element

Answer 1

a d-block element which can form at least 1 stable ion with a partially filled subshell

Question 2

what d block elements are not TM? and why

Answer 2

zinc- only forms 2+ions which means its d subshell is full
scandium-only forms 3+ions which means its d subshell is empty

Question 3

define complex ion

Answer 3

a metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands

Question 4

define ligand

Answer 4

an atom, ion or molecule that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal ion

Question 5

define coordination number

Answer 5

number of coordinate bonds that are formed with the central metal ion in a complex ion

Question 6

what is the shape of a complex ion dependent on?

Answer 6

coordination number

Question 7

draw ethandiote

Question 8

what is the only example of a square planar complex ion+ draw

Answer 8

cisplatin (PtCl2(NH3)2)

Question 9

what complexes are normally linear?

Answer 9

silver complexes e.g Ag(NH3)2

Question 10

write the equation for the addition of a carbonate to hexaaquaaluminium
- what is the colour change+name the products

Question 11

what ion does aluminium form in solution (write) and what colour is it?

Answer 11

• hexaquaaluminium
  -colourless

Question 12

write the equation for the addition of ammonia to hexaquaaluminium
- what is the colour change
- name the products

Question 13

what is the colour change when hexaquaaluminium is added to anything, but hydroxide in excess

Answer 13

colourless to white

Question 14

why does hexaaquaaluminium only form white or colourless complexes

Answer 14

it isnt a TM

Question 15

what is the equation for the addition of hydroxide to hexaquaaluminium
- what is the colour change
- name the products

Question 16

what is the equation for the addition of excess hydroxide to hexaquaaluminium. what is different about this reaction compared to the others? name the product

Answer 16

only one that doesnt form aluminium hydroxide. aluminium hydroxide is the reactant in this reaction
goes from white to colourless others=opposite forming tetrahydroxoaluminate

Question 17

equation for addition of carbonate to hexaaquairon(II)
-colour change
- name products

Answer 17

pale green -green
iron(II)carbonate

Question 18

equation for addition of ammonia to hexaaquairon(II)
-colour change
- name products

Answer 18

pale green-green
iron(II)hydroxide

Question 19

equation for addition of hydroxide to hexaaquairon(II)
-colour change
- name products

Answer 19

pale green-green
iron(II)hydroxide

Question 20

equation for the addition of carbonate to hexaaquairon(III)
- colour change
- name products

Answer 20

• iron(III) hydroxide
  -pale violet to brown

Question 21

equation for the addition of ammonia to hexaaquairon(III)
- colour change
- name products

Answer 21

• iron(III) hydroxide
  -pale violet to brown

Question 22

equation for the addition of hydroxide to hexaaquairon(III)
- colour change
- name products

Answer 22

• iron(III) hydroxide
  -pale violet to brown

Question 23

equation for the addition of carbonate to hexaaquacobalt(II)
- colour change
-name products

Answer 23

• cobalt(II)carbonate
• pink-pink

Question 24

equation for the addition of ammonia to hexaaquacobalt(II)
- colour change
-name products

Answer 24

• pink-blue-green
• cobalt(II)hydroxide

Question 25

equation for the addition of excess ammonia to hexaaquacobalt(II)
- colour change
-name products

Answer 25

pink-straw-coloured
hexaaquaaminnecobalt(II)

Question 26

equation for the addition of conc HCl to hexaaquacobalt(II)
- colour change
-name products

Answer 26

pink-blue
-teratchlorocobaltate

Question 27

explain how a heterogenous catalyst works

Answer 27

• reactants adsorb onto surface of catalyst
• reaction occurs and bonds break
• products desorb of the catalyst