translation basics

Question 1

What is the primary function of translation in DNA

Answer 1

cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 2

Describe the role of messenger RNA in the process of translation

Answer 2

mRNA carries the genetic info from the DNA to the nucleus to the ribosomes in cytoplasm , where translation occurs , it serves as a template for protein synthesis

Question 3

how are tRNA molecules involved in translation ?

Answer 3

tRNA molecules bring specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation
- each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid & has an anticodon sequence that binds to the complementary codon on mRNA

Question 3

Explain the steps in the initiation phase

Answer 3

1. small ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA molecule
2. tRNA carrying methionine binds to the start codon on mRNA
3. the large ribosomal subunit joins forming the initaition complex

Question 4

What happens during elongation

Answer 4

-amino acids are adding to the growing polypeptide chain
- occurs as ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule