Transport

Question 1

What was the first bicycle like?

Answer 1

It did not have pedals and was pushed and steered by the rider’s feet on the ground.

Question 2

What was the name of the bicycle developed by Von Drais during the 19th Century?

Answer 2

The Dandy Horse, whose front wheel could be steered.

Question 3

Who made the first pedal driven two wheeler?

Answer 3

The Scotsman, Kirkpatrick MacMillan in 1839

Question 4

What was another name for the bicycle, the Velocipede?

Answer 4

The bone shaker

Question 5

What was the Velocipede and where was it invented?

Answer 5

It was invented in France in the 1860’s and had wooden pedals attached to its front wheel and a framework made of wrought iron.

Question 6

Where was the Penny Farthing invented? And how did it get its name?

Answer 6

It was invented in England and the large front wheel represented the large Penny coin, and the small back wheel a farthing coin.

Question 7

When was the first bicycle developed?

Answer 7

Between 1790 and 1817

Question 8

What happened to bi-cycle transport when the petrol engine was invented?

Answer 8

The motorcycle was invented

Question 9

When was the pneumatic tyred safety bike invented? And how did it change cycling?

Answer 9

In 1898. Cycling became much more comfortable and cheaper. Many more people began to ride, including ladies who could ride with ease wearing their long skirts.

Question 10

How do you define transport or transportation?

Answer 10

It involves movement from one place to another, involving goods, people or animals.

Question 11

Which animals were used to carry messages during the Franco-Persian war?

Answer 11

Homing pigeons.

Question 12

How did people get around before animals were used as a mode of transport?

Answer 12

On foot, sometimes carrying heavy loads.

Question 13

Which animals were first used as transport?

Answer 13

Horse, oxen, donkey and mule.

Question 14

Where did donkeys originate from?

Answer 14

They were wild animals from Africa and became domesticated to be used for trade across the Saharan desert.

Question 15

What is a mule?

Answer 15

It’s a cross between a female horse and a male donkey. They were used by ancient Greeks and Romans and were also used for military transport in the 20th century.

Question 16

What different forms of transport were horses used for?

Answer 16

Drawing carts, wagons, coaches and tow-boats.

Question 17

How were oxen used?

Answer 17

Usually in pairs. For ploughing, transport, pulling heavy loads and wagons. The trek boers used ox-wagons to travel long distances to the interior of the country.

Question 18

What replaced the wheel as the primary mode of transport in the Middle East and North Africa between 2nd and 6th Centuries? And why was it preferred?

Answer 18

The camel. They were popular for desert travel as they could last a long time without food and water and were strong, and worked better in the desert than donkeys did.

Question 19

Which other animal was used in Asia for transport?

Answer 19

Elephants were used from ancient times.

Question 20

What revolutionized the use of animals as a means of transportation? And when did this happen?

Answer 20

The invention of the wooden wheeled vehicle, around 3500 BC. It revolutionized the whole concept of traveling and transportation.

Question 21

What is the main difference between a cart and a wagon? And what was the nickname given to them?

Answer 21

A cart has two wheels and a wagon has four. They were sometimes referred to as ‘boxes on wheels’.

Question 22

What developments made travel by wagon more comfortable?

Answer 22

About 4000 years ago, people began to cover their wagons with cloth or leather to protect themselves from the sun or rain.

Question 23

What is a carriage?

Answer 23

It’s a closed, horse-drawn vehicle with four wheels used to transport people.

Question 24

Which is probably the first land vehicle, from which the carriage and wagon developed?

Answer 24

The sled.

Question 25

How is a coach different from a carriage? And where was it probably developed?

Answer 25

A coach was a larger, closed vehicle and could transport up to eight people. It was probably developed in Hungary in the 15th Century.

Question 26

What are the Cabriolet, the Chaise, the Drag, the Phaeton and the Stagecoach?

Answer 26

They are the names of different types of coaches and carriages through the ages.

Question 27

What vehicle was a popular transport vehicle carrying people, baggage and mail from one station to another?

Answer 27

The stagecoach.

Question 28

How did the Industrial Revolution have an impact on transport?

Answer 28

Large amounts of materials and goods needed to be transported over long distances. Countries had to pay for canals, railways and better roads.

Question 29

Which was one of the first cars, and why did it not become popular?

Answer 29

A steam car and it was not practical to burn fuel to make steam.

Question 30

What types of inventions helped the car to be developed?

Answer 30

Engines that could burn petrol or diesel.

Question 31

Who built the first real car? And when?

Answer 31

Karl Benz in 1885.

Question 32

What did Gottfried Daimler invent?

Answer 32

One of the first kind of bus, in 1898. It could carry 12 passengers.

Question 33

When did the first motor car come to South Africa?

Answer 33

On 4 January 1897, the first car was demonstrated to Paul Kruger.

Question 34

What did the advert for the first car seen in South Africa claim were the advantages?

Answer 34

No more horse sickness. No more expensive food for horses. No broken harnesses. No lazy grooms. No runaway horses. The motor car could stand in the street without being looked after.

Question 35

What was the motor car also known as in the early days?

Answer 35

The Horseless Carriage.

Question 36

List some advantages of the motor car.

Answer 36

Get to places faster. Create jobs. Could travel further away. No loud horses hooves. No smell of horses. Could carry more people. People could live further away from their workplace or the smelly factories.

Question 37

What are some of the disadvantages of the motor car?

Answer 37

Traffic. Pollution. Accidental deaths. Using up non-renewable resources. Inconvenience of finding places to fill up the tank. Road rage. Smell of petrol/diesel. Getting lazy and having less exercise.

Question 38

What were some of the early forms of water transport? And how were they powered?

Answer 38

A raft (a flat vessel made of logs or planks), canoes (logs with the inside chopped out) and reed boats (made using different kinds of grasses). Oars and human muscle were used to move them forward.

Question 39

Name two of the first sailing ships and where were they found?

Answer 39

The dhow was first invented in Asia but soon was used along the east coast of Africa. It looks like a canoe with a sail and was used to carry goods for trading. The Chinese junk was strong and could sail long distances, transporting people and goods.

Question 40

Which ships did the Portuguese sail to the Cape in hundreds of years ago? And what were the ships like?

Answer 40

Caravels. They were great for exploring the seas because they were strong and fast.

Question 41

What was the name of the ships with which the British explored the seas?

Answer 41

The tall ships. They were bigger and could travel long distances.

Question 42

What type of ship first used a power source other than the wind?

Answer 42

The steamships. They were powered by steam which drove a paddle which pushed the boat forward.

Question 43

Name and describe three types of ships that transport good today.

Answer 43

Container ships: transport cargo packed in huge containers piled on the deck of the ship. Oil tankers: transport oil in huge tanks inside the hold of the ship. Cargo ships: transport goods in the hold of the ship.

Question 44

What kind of ships transport people all around the world? And which is one of the most famous of these ships?

Answer 44

Cruise ships. The Titanic was considered ‘unsinkable’ and struck an iceberg on its first voyage and sank.

Question 45

When was the first human flight and what did they use?

Answer 45

In 1783, two men went up in a hot air balloon designed by Joseph and Jacques Montgolfier.

Question 46

How was the first airship driven? When? And how far did it travel?

Answer 46

By a steam engine in 1852. Henri Gifford flew for 27 kilometers.

Question 47

What was the name of the most famous airship?

Answer 47

The Zeppelin.

Question 48

Where and when did the first flight of an aero plane take place?

Answer 48

In America in 1903.

Question 49

What was the name of the first aero plane and who invented it?

Answer 49

the Flyer. Orville and Wilbur Wright.

Question 50

What sort of engine did the first plane have and how far and fast did it travel?

Answer 50

It had a petrol engine and travelled 36.6 meters in 12 seconds.

Question 51

Which main times in history saw the aero plane make the greatest improvements?

Answer 51

World War One (1914-1918) and World War Two (1939-1945)

Question 52

By 1941, what type of engines were being used on planes and how did it change air transport?

Answer 52

Powerful jet engines were being used and airline companies began to transport passengers for long distances.