Trauma Flashcards
Trauma Score
Score given to determine severity of injury to trauma patients. Takes the pts GCS, rest rate, BP, and cap refill. Scored 0 (BAD) -12 (GOOD).
Gunshot Wound Special Considerations
Muscles/elastic tissues recover from cavitation easier than organ tissue.
Pathway expansion is expected to be found in the bullets pathway from the displacement of tissue.
Blast Injuries Special Considerations
Primary = from pressure wave. Secondary = debris injuries. Tertiary = body being thrown. Quaternary = miscellaneous injuries. Quinary = from the contamination.
Trauma Triad of Death
Hypothermia, Coagulopathy, Acidosis.
Cardiogenic Shock
Anything that affects that ability of the heart to pump. Usually from death of 40% or more of heart muscle.
Hypovolemic Shock
Fluid loss resulting in lack of circulation. (Blood loss, burns, XS V/D)
Obstructive Shock
Blood flow is blocked in the heart or the major vessels.
Distributive Shock
Wide spread dilation of vessels. (Septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic shock).
Septic Shock
Sepsis with a systolic BP less than 90mmHg or decreased systolic BP of 40 or more.
Neurogenic Shock
Usually from spinal cord injury resulting in loss of normal nervous system.
Anaphylactic Shock
Anaphylaxis which causes generalized edema due to fluid leakage. (Angioedema)
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)
SIRS criteria + infection = sepsis. Criteria: Temp >38 or <36, pulse >90bpm, Resp rate > 20/EtCO2 <32mmHg, WBC count greater than 12x10 cell/L
Shock S&S
Agitation, weak/rapid pulse, clammy skin, pallor with cyanosis, SOB, N/V, delayed cap refill, thirst.
Decompensated Shock S&S
ALOC, hypotension, laboured breathing, thready/absent pulses, ashen/ mottled/ cyanotic skin, dilated pupils, decreased urine output, impending cardiac arrest.
